Vintage Room.

FIAT Car.

2010-12-29T05:20:00.000-08:00

Story of FIAT Car.

Giovanni Agnelli

Fiat was born within the Italian industrialization era. When the corporate initial appeared it sparked instant marvel & currently because of this, are recognised globally in concert of the foremost powerful automotive firms. This power because of owning quite a couple of automotive makers. The Fiat brand symbolises nice automotives and reflects the car makers standing.

1899 to 1911

The Societa Anonima Fabbrica Italiana Automobili Torino charter was signed on July eleven 1899, this signalled the beginning of Fiat, out of the many of the board of administrators, a Director Giovanni Agnelli decided to form the automotive company extraordinarily successful additionally he had the ways to form this happen. Driven by his motivation to place Fiat on the automotive makers map, in come back for his work, Giovanni Agnelli was given the role of Managing Director in 1902.

Carso Dante

FIAT Carso Dante 1904

In Carso Dante the primary automotive plant for the Italian manufacturer, the primary of the many, opened its doors. Its workforce, 150 people. a formidable twenty four cars rolled of the road, together with the 3/12 hp. Giovanni recognised that Fiat would wish a trademark, in 1904 an Oval on a dark blue background brand was born.

When the automotive Tour visited Italy, nine Fiat cars competed and finished the race.

Vincenzo Lancia entered & won the Sassi-Superga, a hillclimb automotive race during a twenty four bhp Fiat automotive in 1902, this success drove Giovanni Agnelli, FIAT President to enter an eight hp Fiat automotive within the following Italian automotive Tour, Agnelli even set a race record.

US 1912 / 1925

1922

1908, saw Fiat land on US soil, and open its initial US factory. This gave the corporate the boost they required they expanded at an unforseen rate and commenced building factories to manufacture specific engine components. the corporate saw the necessity to provide quite simply cars so it ventured into trucks, marine engines and industrial vehicles even tram production. The Italian company was creating its mark, it continued to compete and win automotive races, quite usually setting records because it went. Fiat was onto a winner.

1925

Giacomo Malle Trucco was given leadership to just accept the development of a brand new automotive factory - Lingotto factory in Italy, work began in 1916. This new Fiat factory was undoubtedly the largest automotive factory in Europe, it had been designed on 5 floors, and right at the highest a check track was made the work was finally completed in 1922. This check track & factory is that the image of Italian automotive trade.

The War, brought misfortune for several automotive firms , Fiat was no totally different but they did manage to fully recover by 1923, in recognition of this Giovanni Agnelli was given a promotion, he was currently the new Fiat CEO. several new models were released and in recognition for there loyal staff, staff got health plans etc, additionally financing was introduced on their cars.

1926 / 1938

1930

Fiat driven by the dictator Mussolini's autarchic ways that, meant the automotive company had to seem at the international marketplace for its cars, mainly the domestic half. As a part of this strategy The Topolino was released and ran until production ceased in 1955. additionally the Tariffa minima, aka Balilla, was additionally released a preferred model that gave exceptionally smart fuel economy. 1937 saw the development of another automotive plant - Mirafiori

This new new breed of automotive plants main aim was mass production.

1939 / 1951

WWII saw automotive production cut back to nearly nothing, but industrial vehicles saw the alternative. throughout this point several of the businesses automotive plants were destroyed , but this failed to section them. The President of Fiat Giovanni Agnelli, sadly died in 1945.

His new replacement Vittorio Valletta was issued the role of CEO.

1952

1952 / 1965 R & D

After the tip of the war Fiat recognised the necessity to analysis a lot of, so started taking a good interest in researching new ways, innovations and practices. the five hundred & 1400 were introduced because the initial mass production model, these cars had heating and ventilation systems never seen before. the advantages of diesel were looked into soon when rthe 1400 diesel engine was released in 1953. 1958 saw a rise in production and sales, automotive plants were designed overseas and Mirafiori doubled its automotive factories. Fiat had firmly placed Italy in an economic boom. 1955 saw the discharge of the five hundred, an oversized rear engined automotive. The automotive sold well and in 1957 a brand new version was released, 1960, saw a five hundred Giardinetta, a lot of a form of estate / station wagon. additionally Fiat introduced 1300, 1500 & 1800 automotive models.

1977

1965 / 1977

The mid 60's brought a fast growth in sales in Italy and its export market. The Italian automotive ratio had previously been one automotive to ninety nine, but currently it had been nearer to twenty-eight cars to ninety six. Fiat saw this as a chance to construct a lot of factories throughout Italy, this spurred the intro of the 850.

The first front wheel drive automotive was introduced in 1971 the 127, this auto was instant success, it even received automotive of the Year 1971. Gianni Agnelli grand son of Giovanni, became Fiat President in 1966. Like his Grandfather he ensured the corporate would consider automotive production whereas still researching, ike several alternative automotive makers suffered greatly throughout the late 70's oil strikes.

1980

1978 / 1990

Robogate, turned the corner for automed assembling, a versatile robotic system introduced in 1978.

The years between 1978 and 1990 saw several comes for Fiat together with the fitting of Fiat Avio - Auto - Engineering - Ferraviaria, Comau, Teksid & Magnet Marelli.

The Panda was introduced in 1980 and styled by famed designer Guigiaro in 1980, atiny low automotive out there in 4x4. The Uno, a extremely rare web site these days was the image of the automotive rejuvination in 1982. The Fiat Uno had electronics unforseen before, it came during a vary of models from a regular one.1 to a 1.4 IE Turbo, this model additionally had a full electronic dashboard and turbo charger. The Tipo was released in 1989 and created automotive of the year, the automotive had conquered innovative technical problems and not forgetting the Strada avaiable in several models the highest being the Abarth.

1991

1991 / 2003

The Tempra was introduced in 1990, the subsequent year the new five hundred was released, followed by the Punto, this automotive gave the impression to replace the Uno, it came with similar engine sizes and additionally was out there during a turbo-charged model it had been given automotive of the Year award in 1995. Then came the Coupe, a brand new breed of automotive.

Fiat released the Ulysse in 1995 to tackle the multi purpose vehicle market, as way as cars are involved the Bravo, Brava and therefore the Barchetta / Cinnequento were released all released within the same year. 1996 / 1997 saw the intro of the Palio, Marea and Marea we have a tendency to.

1998

100th Yr Anniversary

In commemoration of the one hundred Year Anniversary, the initial brand was modified to a spherical brand from the orginal blue oval brand.

The year 1998 saw the discharge of the Seicento, a automotive smaller than its Cinnequento predecessor, the perfect automotive for the Italian individuals, tiny simple to manouvre and easier to park, and especially was nice for driving roound the skinny streets within the town, this year additionally saw the discharge Multipla.

A new millenium

The year 2000 saw the discharge of a brand new breed automotives together with the Diablo this new automotive had its debut at the Paris Motor Show it showcased as a billboard / informal car. The Stilo introduced in 2001, was the the primary real technologically advanced automotive for Fiat of the millenium, it sported trendy appearance and plenty of toys and came during a sort of engine sizes.

2002 was the year for restyling the vehicles included during this were the New Ulysse, Multipla and therefore the even the 2001 Stilo MW, this model was restyled with a lot of aggresive options.

The FIAT future

It was recognised in 2003 that already successful Punto required a restyle, so the new model of Punto was released it had totally different styling and cam e with a further engine size a one.3 Multijet 16v. the subsequent autumn the Panda was re-released and received automotive of the Year Award. The subsequent year the Fiat plan was released a brand new variety of MPV ( Multi Purpose Vehicle) a primary for the Italian company.

As for 2007 - The Grande Punto has created its mark, an even bigger version of the Fiat Punto with several additions to the initial, additionally the Fiat five hundred is to be re-released with stiffer suspension, wider arches and awesome one hundred fifty hp turbo charged engine - zero to sixty in eight seconds. As expressed by Giovanni Fiat continues to innovate with advanced technology method into the long run.

Rolls Royce Car

2010-12-20T04:55:00.000-08:00

Story of Rolls Royce Car

Charles Rolls

Almost specifically 100 years ago, May 4, 1904 2 gentlemen met within the Midland Hotel in Manchester to speak regarding cars. Charles Rolls was an aristocrat with an entrepreneurial spirit and a passion for cars. He had heard that an engineer of remarkable talent, named Henry Royce was manufacturing cars of quality, end and reliability so much exceed those of different existing brands at the time, and was going to obtain one for himself. Rolls was therefore struck by constant automotive and Henry Royce who immediately determined to induce into partnership with him ... therefore was born one among the largest names in automotive history.

The history of Rolls-Royce is actually wonderful, and includes world speed records on land, water and air patronage of royal families, heads of state, actors, sports figures, artists and business leaders. The company's success was primarily based merely obsession for technical excellence in all its forms. Henry Royce is additionally famous attributable to his motto: "Strive for perfection in everything you are doing. Get the most effective there's and build it higher. If none exist, design it. "

The experimental automotive

1919

The ideas of Royce and his team were tested in varied ways in which and in 1919 was engineered the primary experimental automotive, 1EX decision ("ex" is simply for "experimental"). The EX models were a relentless development of Rolls-Royce for a minimum of forty years, and ended with the 45EX within the late fifties. Some models EX resulted within the production of passenger cars, like the Phantom III (the 1st Rolls-Royce V12), whereas several others didn't follow constant fate.

The 100EX

100 EX

Rolls-Royce Motor Cars Ltd, currently located at Goodwood (in a pleasant space in southern England), lives up to the ideals of engineering Henry Royce, as evidenced by the flattering comments of consumers round the world against the new Phantom. A team of gifted designers and engineers created this automotive and it absolutely was so determined that the centenary celebrations were focused on the planning. So, the team has targeted on experimental automotive Rolls-Royce for the twenty-first century, known as 100EX.

Goodwood Phantom

The styling of this 1st experimental automotive designed to Goodwood was developed in California by the designers of the Rolls-Royce team, below the leadership of chief designer Ian Cameron. As was the case for the Phantom, were taken into consideration the shapes and forms in historic cars Rolls-Royce, however this project incorporates a bite that creates it terribly modern. Impressed by the pure spirit of the experimental Rolls-Royce automotive, the 100EX is provided with all the options.

The body is created of a light-weight aluminum spaceframe because the Phantom, however with a shorter wheelbase of a hundred mm. Compared to the Phantom may be a total of one hundred sixty five mm shorter and under seventy one mm. it's constant against the door of the Phantom, with the distinction that there are solely two. It additionally has a remarkable provision of the bags compartment, a part of that folds to make a picnic table. The engine may be a nine-liter V16 and sixty four valves.

The media have speculated that this was a brand new production model, whose launch is imminent, however it's not. It's conceivable that some components of the 100EX will seem in any future model, that clearly taken into consideration by the corporate, however this automotive has been created particularly to celebrate this extraordinary moment within the history of Rolls-Royce. The 100EX are going to be presented at the 2004 edition of the Concorso d'Eleganza Villa d'Este, in honor of the centenary of Rolls-Royce and therefore the wonderful history of this event.

Volvo Car

2010-12-19T05:19:00.000-08:00

Story of Volvo Car

The Volvo was born in Goteborg, Sweden, in 1927, founded as a subsidiary of the SKF factory creating ball bearings,

2 members from the Assar Gabrielsson and Gustav Larsson.

The trademark Volvo was initial registered by SKF the could eleven, 1915 with the intention of using it for a special series of ball bearings for export to the U.S. market, however it had been never used. Was revived in 1927 for cars, since the Latin word "volvo", a term indicating movement, dynamism, may work fine to the assembly of cars.

The name derives from the Latin volvere Volvo (rolling, sliding) and was chosen mutually of the 2 founders had worked for the SKF ball bearing factory, that became one in every of their initial customers, additionally the factory was founded with cash, in fact, SKF. The Volvo image is that the ancient chemical image for steel, chosen to symbolize the strength of steel utilized in Sweden for the assembly of cars, steel, in fact, of wonderful quality. The diagonal line through the grid, came shortly when to mend the present image to the radiator.

Since the dawn of the middle of attention was the Volvo safety.

The first Volvo automotive was created April fourteen, 1927, and was named ÖV four. Production continued with cars designed to face up to the tough climatic and environmental conditions in Sweden.

Following the Volvo cluster can expand into alternative areas, like lorries (now Volvo is that the world's second largest manufacturer of serious trucks), buses, construction machinery, agricultural tractors, marine engines, etc..

In 1964 he opened the Volvo factory in Torslanda, still one in every of its most vital production facilities, where they're assembled off-road cars and high category.

In 1965, he was open a production facility in Ghent (Belgium), currently the second most vital plant of Volvo, that are created mainly low-medium vary cars and a few of the foremost necessary numerically.

The early '70s marked necessary events in its history, with the acquisition, in 1975, the development sector of the Dutch DAF cars and with the signing of a joint venture with Peugeot and Renault for the look and construction of an engine successful, the PRV and adopted by several alternative cars, like the Italian Lancia Thema.

In 1989, was opened a replacement plant in Uddevalla, in cooperation with Pininfarina, where the cars are mainly created for niche markets.

In 1999 the Volvo sold its automotive division to Ford Motor Company cluster.

THE AUTOMOTIVE business

The cars are the majority Volvo sedans and station wagons and SUVs and solely recently allroads.

The Volvo is taken into account the architect of dissemination (at least globally) of the family automotive (or station wagon) with the introduction of the model 240 (1975-1993) that though the merchandise versions additional or less rare, starting from the Coupe to the Family (242, 244, Turbo, 264, 265) owes its fame to the model 245 in varied versions that may amendment the perception of the station wagon vehicle by means that of labor by the family.

The production was characterised by Volvo cars with rear-wheel drive longitudinal engine line technique that was initial deflected by the introduction of the "400" series (480, 440, four60) and abandoned with the looks of the Volvo 850 series that marked the passage of Volvo with front-wheel drive to 4 wheel drive and transverse engine.

Volvo produces cars that are found within the so-called premium phase, competing with Alfa Romeo, Audi, BMW, Mercedes-Benz, Lexus and Saab. Volvo has a pair of 500 dealerships distributed in one hundred countries round the world, and hr of production is sold in Europe, half-hour in North America, the remaining 100 percent within the remainder of the planet.

Ford currently become a part of the multinational Volvo began manufacturing mechanical-based versions of this cluster.

Recently, with versions bifuel (which particularly in Sweden have a good success) the Volvo styles and creates self limiting consumption and pollutant emissions.

780

Since 1968 the Volvo one hundred forty, Volvo used a three-digit system to outline their own models, during which the primary digit indicates the amount of the automotive, the second the amount of cylinders of the engine and therefore the third the amount of ports, five in If a station wagon. Thus as an example the Volvo 164 could be a one hundred series, with 6-cylinder engine and four-door sedan body. There have been all due to the exceptions, like the Volvo 780 was a two-door coupe with four and half dozen cylinder engines, whereas the 760 additionally had 4-cylinder turbocharged engines. Some 240 were additionally 6-cylinder engines. In recent years, the last digit was never used, thus as an example the code 740 identified each the sedans and station wagons, whereas it remained on the vehicle identification plates.

850

From the redesign of the Volvo 850, it additionally had a mutation within the vehicle identification code, thus currently the models are outlined by one or 2 letters followed by 2 digits, during which the second is usually a zero. The letter defines the S sedan or four-door sedans, the letter V stands for versatility and sets out the wagon, the letter C indicates the coupe or two-door cars, though the name defines XC SUVs and cars with characterization of off-road.

Citroen Car.

2010-12-17T05:42:00.000-08:00

Story of Citroen Car.

Andre Citroen

75 years ago the fascinating and vibrant history of Citroën cars began. In 1934, Citroën presented their 1st front-wheel drive cars and commenced a revolution in auto production.

André Citroën was born in 1878. A successful student, he attended the Polytechnical faculty in Paris and worked for a few time with the automotive company "Mors". In 1905, at the age of twenty seven, he founded his 1st company, "André Citroën & Cie", that was modified to "Société des Engrenages Citroën" (Citroën Cog Factory ) in 1913. Conjointly in 1913, Citroën founded yet one more company to require advantage of a patent he had relating to carburettors. This company was located on the Quai de Javel (today Quai André Citroën) in Paris. Early in his career, Citroën was impressed by the assembly strategies of Henry Ford, who pioneered the employment of the assembly line as early as 1908 for the Ford Model T within the U.S.A. Citroën understood that he had to analyse production strategies which he had to divide it into single logical steps so as to calculate the economic production of an item mathematically.

1913

With the outbreak of World War I, André Citroën received a commission, starting in 1915, to supply seven 500 75mm grenades - sensible work for alittle company. Citroën was able to convince the French Ministry of Defence that he might deliver abundant larger quantities with industrial production. the corporate grew rapidly and in 1918 it occupied eighty,000 sq. Metres at the Quai de Javel in Paris where, in 1914, there have been still garden allotments. 12,000 folks were occupied manufacturing grenades. At the height the output reached 20,000 pieces!the corporate was terribly progressive within the social field: a cantine and a kindergarden were gift as was a dental clinic. Throughout the war, Citroën started brooding about the "days after". He talked concerning building 1,000 cars daily at a value that will enable everybody to possess one amongst his cars.

1919: the primary "Citroën".

By 1919, the primary Citroën auto was made - the sort A. Equipped with a 4-cylinder engine of 1326 cubic cm (10-fiscal-HP) capability, it absolutely was capable of a prime speed of 65km/h. One was able to order six completely different body designs directly from the factory, this at a time where one got the chassis and also the engine from different manufacturers and had it completed by a coachworks of your own choice! Even the spare wheel and also the lighting were included within the value of F 7,205. From June to December 1919, Citroën made 2,500 cars. In 1920, they'd already made 20,200!

1921

Conjointly in 1920, Citroën 1st tested half-track autos known as "Autochenilles" using the patents of Adolphe Kégresse. In impassable regions they were terribly helpful, and their reliability helped to boost the name of Citroën as an automobile manufacturer. The half-tracks weren't solely employed by the defense force, in road-building and agriculture, however conjointly by completely different post offices, among them the Swiss PTT that equipped their "Autochenilles" with skis at the front.

In 1921, the primary Citroën Taxis appeared on the streets of Paris. the large news at the Paris Motor Show in October was the five hp kind C, a true automotive for the folks with 856 cubic cm engine, sixty km/h prime speed, on the market as a Torpedo with 2 seats. The automotive was 1st on the market within the summer of 1922 and was sold solely in one colour: lemon yellow. The tiny automotive was a true success. In 1924, it absolutely was presented as a three-seater. The third seat was within the rear within the middle and also the passenger place his feet between the 2 front seats. This version, named the "Trèfle" (Clover Leaf) gained an excellent deal of fame. Up to March 1926, it stayed in production with solely minor changes - concerning ninety,000 were designed and quite variety still exist these days.

1925

When the B12 of 1925, the B14 was introduced in 1927, driven by a 1538 cubic cm engine with twenty two true horsepower. It absolutely was followed by the C4 in 1929. Conjointly in 1929, the C6 was introduced - the primary six cylinder Citroën (2442 cubic cm), and also the 1st Citroën to achieve a hundred km/h.

André Citroën was terribly successful in drawing the public's attention with elaborate publicity campaigns. In 1922, airplanes wrote the name "Citroën" within the sky over Paris; in 1925 the name "Citroën" might are browse on the Eiffel tower: 200,000 lightbulbs were necessary and a number of other kilometers of cabling!

Expeditions...

From seventeen December 1922 to seven January 1923, a Citroën expedition crossed the Sahara desert by automobile for the primary time, from Algiers to Timbuktu, a distance of three,200 kms averaging one hundred fifty kms daily with 10hp B2 half-tracks - a massive effort for the period!

From twenty eight October 1924 to twenty six June 1925, an additional expedition, the famous "Croisière Noire" (Black Journey) crossed the African continent from Algeria through Kenya to the Cape of excellent Hope.

1931

On four April 1931, the "Croisère Jaune" (Yellow Journey) started in Beruit. The goal was to achieve Beijing with the C4 and C6 kind half-tracks. In between there have been deserts, glaciers, mountains, and war zones. One C4F reached 4,208m and set a world altitude record for cars. Within the Himalayas, a part of the method through, the methods weren't driveable and also the cars had to be taken apart, carried through, and rebuilt afterwards! On twelve February, 1932 the cars triumphantly reached Beijing.

Records...From the start of 1932, the C4 and C6 were equipped with the "Floating Power" engine that was mounted in a very new method, employing a Chrysler patent. The engine was secured with rubber mounts rather than being bolted on to the chassis, thereby eliminating major engine vibrations. The primary cars using this new engine mounting were recognizeable with a stylized swan in front of the Citroën double chevrons.

By the top of 1932, the kinds "8", "10", and "15" followed, known as "Rosalie" when a Citroën "Rosalie 8" that lined three hundred,000 km in 134 days with a mean of quite ninety three km/h and breaking not less that 106 world records! a lot of runs of identical kind followed and proved the reliability of the tiny Citroën.

André Citroën advertised his merchandise not simply to adults. Soon he made toy cars to capture the eye of youngsters - his future customers. The primary words he wished them to be able to speak were: "Mama, Papa, Citroën".

Financial issues...

The primary clouds on the Citroën horizon appeared when the Wall Street crash of October 1929 and also the ensuing world crisis. In 1933, at the height of the crisis, Citroën rebuilt the factories at the Quai de Javel fully, so as to own sufficient capability to supply his impending new model. huge halls were designed. 6,000 guests were invited to the grand gap.

The rebuild was a giant challenge for the corporate. In April 1933, t here was a strike that served to amplify the difficulties. The cars did not sell well abroad owing to the exchange rates and also the restrictions bound countries introduced against foreign merchandise. By the top of 1933, Citroën had such a big amount of debts, that the Michelin company had to be needed monetary facilitate.

Lancia Car.

2010-12-16T07:32:00.000-08:00

Story of Lancia Car.

Vincenzo Lancia

The automobile maker, that prides itself on its rally and racy heritage, Lancia, was created in nineteen zero six, by Vincenzo Lancia and a detailed friend. The Italian primarily based automobile manufacture has been referred to as a automobile producer that is innovative and creates distinctive models for sale. Lancia is currently within the possession of the Fiat automobile cluster, and has been since it absolutely was acquired within the late nineteen sixties. Lancia creates luxury and high finish automobile models, primarily based heavily upon the Fait automobile models.

The 2 founders of Lancia, Vincenzo Lancia and Claudio Fogolin, were each motoring enthusiasts and racing drivers

for the motoring cluster Fiat. In nineteen zero six the combine founded the Italian automobile producer, named Lancia & Co. primarily based in Turin, the newly fashioned company began their production vary with the tipo fifty one, a four cylinder motor mobile that began production in nineteen zero eight. Between nineteen 13 and nineteen eighteen Lancia created the Theta thirty five HP, the larger variation of the Epsilon, that came with the innovative electrical lights and begin motor. Between nineteen twenty 2 and nineteen thirty one Lancia created the Lambda, the primary ever load bearing monocoque body sort. Over eleven thousand of those innovative models were created, that conjointly came equipped with the primary freelance suspension.

1953

The Lancia Aurelia, penned by the designer Vittorio Jano, is taken into account a farther of the long distance, high performance grand tourers. In production for a complete of eight years, the Aurelia was the primary automobile fitted with a V6 engine, with over 13 thousand of the series created.

Exporting to the USA proved unprofitable, with alittle scale export system in place at intervals the 19 fixities and nineteen sixties, however full export began within the mid nineteen seventies. The yankee market showed poor demand for the EU whole, and also the manufacture withdrew from the yankee market, together with Fait, within the early nineteen eighties.

In the UK, Lancia cars suffered from a at risk of rusting, that plagued several models and client confidence within the Lancia whole. Lancia was well awake to the injury this saga was inflicting on its whole image, and with UKs being its biggest export market the corporate set to supply to half exchanges the cars for unaffected models through its dealership network.

Alfa Romeo Car

2010-12-15T05:21:00.000-08:00

Story of Alfa Romeo Car

Nicola Romeo

When in 1907 a French multinational company opened a small factory in Portello , Milan, Lombardy some financiers decided to begin the production of Italian cars. It was 1910 when the first car model was produced there, as the 24 HP. In 1911 the company name became ALFA , an acronym for Anonima Lombarda Fabbrica Automobili . The emblem, the red cross of the municipality of Milan and the snake of the Visconti.

The 24 HP participates in the first edition of the Targa Florio in Sicily, with two cars. In 1913 the production, reserved for race cars, is about 200 vehicles per year.

But orders for the First World War gave the enamel factory, which reserves to the production of war all his energies until 1919 . In 1918 the engineer also enters the Alfa Romeo Naples.

He was born the ' Alfa Romeo . Meanwhile, motor racing in the Alfa Romeo gets a triumph after another, with drivers like Ascari and Masetti. In 1924 the Alfa Romeo driver Enzo Ferrari , he began to collaborate in the design of the racing car.

In 1925 he was presented the legendary 6C 1500 , just when a financial crisis involving the Lending Banks of Alfa Romeo. From the new corporate reorganization, the sap is born to continue to produce cars capable of winning races.

In the 1934 's IRI , a company of the State, to take control of the house. The production of race car is stopped. Thanks to Hugh Gobbato employment increased to the point of opening a new plant in Pomigliano d'Arco.

During the Second World War, Alfa makes a lot of profit, but in 1943 an air strike destroyed the factory in Naples, bringing the death of many workers.

After the war , it was difficult to recover, not only because of strong foreign competition, and for the reconstruction of production facilities. In 1948 the company was managed by Finmeccanica, with a clear strategy to return to the top of the production car series.

Since 1950 the economic boom pushed the heads of Alfa to produce cars that are fascinating but more accessible to the middle class is experiencing rapid growth. In 1960 work was begun at the new plant in Arese, which came into operation since 1963.

In the same year it was decided to reopen the plant in Pomigliano , that years later realized the Alfasud. But the crisis exploded in the Alfa Romeo connection with the attempt to produce a car in collaboration with Nissan. The car was the Arna , one of the most notorious flop in the history of the car.

The Finmeccanica decided to sell the Fiat group , the Alfa Romeo. Since then, Alfa Romeo has slowly started to produce cars capable of attracting the public. Models such as the 164 and, later, the 147 and 156 gave new life into the farm's production.

In recent years, models like the 159 , the beautiful 8C, the Brera and, soon, the Junior and 149, are bringing back the thousands of motorists alfisti, so that the Alfa will return soon to seek glory in the rich U.S. market .

Land Rover Car.

2010-12-14T05:52:00.000-08:00

Story of Land Rover Car.

Maurice Wilks

The first vehicle with the name Land Rover was designed in 1947 by Maurice Wilks, director of planning and design of the Rover.

Wilks had the idea of a "Land Rover", while on holiday in Wales at Easter 1947. Earlier this year, Wilks bought an old Willys Jeep for his own use. Not only does this vehicle was used as a source of inspiration for the new Land Rover, but many of its components were used for the first Land Rover. They were used for the prototype: the frame, the transmission system, steering system and all the 'rear axle and suspension were taken from the Rover 10 saloon, 12 and 14 Hp in normal production. The prototype Land Rover had a steering wheel in the middle (either LHD or RHD) connected with the Jeep steering box through the chain and gears. From some pictures it appears that many other elements of the Jeep have been included in prototipo.Tutto since dal'inizio, was designed to avoid large investments, and because funds were short, either because the market forecasts were uncertain.

1974

The first prototype was built during the summer of 1947 the engine was a 1389 48-hp, mated to a normal change of road but with the new gearbox design. Another problem that arose after the war was the rationing of raw materials, thereby creating an acute shortage of steel acciaio.Essendo less expensive but bound by the state, it was decided to use it only for the chassis and on the contrary, for the body, it seemed a good idea to use aluminum Birmabright that, given the end of the aircraft orders from the state, was available in large quantities. The choice of aluminum will be one of the major factors in the success of Land Rover. Chosen for high availability, it was easy to work, did not require special machines for molding, and corrosion was practically nothing, not to mention the ease of repair, characteristics of relevance to those working in areas with harsh weather. The frame is boxed, was built by hand on sheets of steel, thus avoiding the purchase of printers needed to frame a "U".

1948

The body was made entirely of aluminum, handmade with the exception of the bulkhead between the cockpit and the engine and other reinforcement in a panel, made of steel for greater torsional rigidity. However, the prototype was destroyed in early 1948. Because the first Land Rover was broken up is a mystery. It could be that Rover wanted to destroy the evidence that the first vehicle were derived Jeep.Le lessons learned for the construction of the prototype, however, contributed to the design and development phase of production vehicles. In the September 4, 1947, the board of directors of Rover resolution to produce a first batch of 25 samples of pre-series, then immediately increased to 48.

They were built around 48 vehicles, the first came out March 11, 1948. Somehow, almost all are different from each other. Everyone had a galvanized steel frame, the former had the bumper as part of the frame, while the next bumper was bolted onto the frame. The first 40 vehicles painted sage green. The last 8 vehicles were painted in a shade of dark green (overlooking the olive green). The first time they spoke of the new Land Rover was an article in the newspaper "The Times" April 20, 1948. The first public appearance of the Land Rover was ten days later at the Amsterdam Motor Show, held in the Netherlands, between April 30 and May 9, 1948. Two copies, one to drive on the right, the other drive on the left, were shipped to countries Bassi.L 'last of the 48 pre-production vehicles in Land Rovers were built in late July and early August 1948. Since the normal patterns of production were already in the editing.

The first models of normal production had permanent 4x4 traction. Optionals plows were also to apply to the Land, carts and any kind of preparation for a business use, the client specified that the Land Rover and make sure you can build. In May 1949 the Ministry of Defence ordered 1,878 cars, in occasion of the silver casing was stostituio green production models was constantly improved. With the phenomenal success of "80" Land Rover, the Rover company was able to invest in new machinery in order to replace manual work and speed. However, the construction of the Land Rover was in constant change and evolution, but nothing was wasted, because on every model in between the two versions are parts of the old version. While the stock of a particular will continue to appear on the new model, until there was più.Un number of Land Rover have been shipped to North America during the early 1950s.

1951

A 'major change was made in 1951 with the increase from 80 "to 86", which expanded by 25% the capacity of the cargo area. It was also launched a new station wagon, this time with an all-metal chassis designed to Solihull. With this model was also introduced a cap adapted to tropical climates, with an air gap that isolates the interior of the vehicle, making it cooler, along with another innovation that became one of the stylistic characteristics of the brand: the glass mountain. For the first time the Land Rover had an older brother, the long wheelbase version that was made available in two versions: lorry cab and station wagon. His optionally include coatings "De Luxe" to the cockpit, the radio el ' heating system.

1957

In 1957, the introduction of the 2.0-liter diesel engine required a further extension of the step: to 88 "for the normal version and 109 for the long wheelbase. Called Series II, was equipped with axles wider, which made it necessary to enlarge the waistline giving it the characteristic curve. This was the first intervention of the designers on the Land Rover Land Rover, the biggest beneficiary of this exercise in style was the model long-wheelbase Station Wagon, which lost its awkward appearance.

The original was the first diesel engine designed specifically for Land Rover and not derived from a modified car engine. He was quickly replaced by a new family of engines Land Rover which held the solution of the camshafts in the head, but the cylinder bores shown "wet". The derivative was first introduced on petrol and also mounted on the Rover 80. The diesel that followed was a 2,286 cc. with pre-chamber design Rover, with its launch in 1961, became the Land Rover Series IIA.

1961

Always looking for new markets, one year after the Land Rover launched a variant of the Land Rover forward control, the (FC). It uses the standard frame and a subframe for extra cab, and was praised for carrying capacity, even though it was heavy and underpowered. In a later version installed axles were wider and springs with different media, to improve stability, while for increasing its power, was fitted to a Rover engine six-cylinder petrol engine with 2.6 liters from the automobile industry, option later extended to models long wheelbase.

The contracts for government organizations and the armed forces constitute an important contribution to the sales of Land Rover. Among the specialized derivative products on demand for the British army - and other principals - there was the "lightweigh" (or half tonne), which went into production in 1968. Based on a Land Rover short wheelbase chassis, was the subject of many changes due to military requirements, including a new body with removable panels. The Land Rover 101 "FC (or One tonne), which entered service in 1975 exclusively for the military, was fitted with a permanent four wheel drive based on one developed for the Range Rover.

1971

A further evolution of the product came in 1971 with the launch of the Series III. The exterior has a different arrangement of the lights, already seen before, but also a new plastic grille and radiator. The bridge was padded instrument panel had been renovated and improved heating controls. The change was equipped with synchronizers for all gears (except reverse) and the friction was increased.

In 1979, a series of major investments targeted the development of production, allowing the introduction of Land Rover V8. Equipped with a limited version of a low compression V8 Range Rover and a change which reflected the gearbox / reference, this model (known as Stage One) saw the return of permanent four wheel drive. To accommodate the new engine was designed a new hood with a larger grille and new was also the range of colors, more vivid and present. Provided with only the long wheelbase, in reality, even some versions were produced with a short wheelbase.

1979

A further range expansion occurred three years later, with the launch of the High Capacity Pick Up. Wider and with a load of 2 meters, was made entirely of aluminum, for the first time it was made use of thin-walled castings. At the same time was, the range of station wagon called the "County", addressed to a higher-end market. This was equipped with new seats, interior trim quality and tinted glasses, and was characterized by a unique range of colors and special adhesive strips.

1983

The Land Rover One Ten, which was launched in 1983, was developed prototypes based on the frame and body modified Range Rover Land Rover. Although the architecture was that of the Range Rover One Ten on the frame was much more robust, with thicker stringers and coil springs plus a long stroke. County Station Wagon models also were fitted with a reinforced version of the Range Rover platform. The body retained the characteristic Land Rover, but was introduced a new larger windshield in one piece, new sliding windows at the top of the doors and wheel arches widened to accommodate the new axles. At the same time he was presented with a long wheelbase, the Land Rover 127, with a body, of a Crew Cab, needed a few new components, thanks to the modularity of the Land Rover. The load capacity and versatility of this version made possible the realization of many derivatives, particularly for service companies.

The One Ten was followed a year later by its corresponding short wheelbase Land Rover Ninety. Essentially similar to the sister, Ninety had a smaller fuel tank, mounted sideways, and was available in Pick Up, Full Hood, Hard Top, Station Wagon and 7 seats. On all Land Rover, also, new doors were installed in one piece with the windows-down, which led to a significant improvement in comfort and convenience for passengers.

To remain competitive in European markets, the Land Rover developed a turbocharged version of its claimed 4-cylinder diesel, which developed a higher power of 30%. This innovation, introduced in 1986, was accompanied by new door trim and new push-button locks, which improves the comfort and safety of the vehicle. In 1990 the Defender

Jeep Car.

2010-12-13T04:59:00.000-08:00

Story of Jeep Car.

Karl Probst

A short article, the most important events in the history of American car manufacturer Jeep, including information about the model and the social movements.

Jeep is a great name, is the oldest off-road history. Pioneer car is a trademark of Chrysler, but was originally from 1940. Karl Probst, and American Bantam Car Company, Willys Overland built

The U.S. military and was brought into contact with equipment manufacturers, device takes pressure of military life in just 49 days. Fortunately, the first prototype, known as the cock BRC, published just in time, and made its first test in the fall.

Right now the car has been with the military and the war exploration projects and studies are synonymous easier to obtain because of the powerful features and vehicle air conditioners a balanced state of 4-wheel drive.

Bantam Army

The car was officially called the 1950 Jeep Willys-Overland, Inc., because it was a colloquial term for members of the military vehicles that have been tested yet.

When the war ended, Jeeps were sold to the public, which solidifies their presence in the automotive industry mind and helped the brand to grow dramatically. In 1945 began the first civilian Jeep produced and purchased the Jeep brand the emperor in 1953, the engine and American Motors Corporation in 1970 (AMC). Jeep CJ-7 was later by the Jeep Wrangler and a few years, Chrysler bought AMC replaced in 1987.

Willy 1953

Chrsysler Group LLC is now the name you are today, and models of the Jeep Cherokee, Jeep Commander, Jeep Wrangler, Jeep Compass, Jeep Patriot and Jeep Liberty. Each model has several features and functions, such as the differences between an electronically controlled lock expansion and strong front and rear heavy.

Made in many countries in Europe, America and Asia, has received his Jeep strength and character of the army. His popularity remains high and people are always interested in operating and driving a jeep classic modern .

Volkswagen Car.

2010-12-12T04:50:00.000-08:00

Story of Volkswagen Car.

The Volkswagen Beetle (Volkswagen means "people's car") was bor n before the Second World War, designed by Ferdinand Porsche (but built by Adolf Hitler) to put the Germans at the wheel of a car affordable. The Beetle (initially called "Type 60") to accommodate two adults and three children, reaching 100km / h, 10km walk with a liter of gasoline and do not cost more than 1,000 marks (then the cost of a bike).

The production will start after the Second World War and the British Army to begin the development

of the Volkswagen group. After the war the British Army is to manage what is left of the Volkswagen factory, (over 60 percent of the factory was destroyed during the war), some projects and a few pieces.

They also destroyed all the prototype cars. Volkswagen is offering a number of companies, but all refused, saying that Volkswagen had no future. So the British Army to rely more Ivan Hirst, a bank manager from Yorkshire, in charge of running the factory.

He knows how to direct the Volkswagen employees reaching the remarkable production figure of 1785 Beetle at the end of 1945. Begin exports to the Netherlands in 1947 and to the U.S. in 1949 and in the same year he formed the Volkswagenwerk GmbH, the German government passed.

1965

In 1963 comes the 1500, available sedan, wagon and coupe. The 1965 is the year of 1600 TL, with a fastback body of the car. Also in 1965, Volkswagen notes that Mercedes, Auto Union, which includes Audi and DKW. In 1968, shortly before buying the NSU, the House has the 411, with little success.

In 1969, Volkswagen will pay attention to sports, areas hitherto dealt only with the Karmann-Ghia 50 years, in collaboration with Porsche: hence the VW-Porsche. Also in 1969 comes the Pescaccia, reminiscent of the military models.

1975

The 70s are very important for Volkswagen in 1970 launched the K70, projects with the NSU, in 1973 introduced the first generation of the Passat, which is launching probably the most successful family of engines of all time, the family EA827; in 1974 he introduced the Sirocco, a stylish coupe. But the real coup is the first Golf Series (1974), designed by Giorgio Giugiaro, who leads the company to levels of success never achieved.

1978

1978 was the year that leaves the last Beetle made in Germany. The following year, the Jetta is introduced, the three-volume version of the Golf. In 1981 he made another important car for Volkswagen Polo, the first series. Following the Polo is supported by a small three volumes, the Derby.

That same year, goes into production the second-generation Passat, aesthetically very similar to the first, but very different as the content, and is also signed an agreement with China to produce the Santana sedan, derived from the Passat. In 1983 comes the second round of Golf and a year later also renewed the Jetta. Three years later, in 1986, Volkswagen acquired 51% of the Seat (this percentage rises to 99.99% in 1990). In 1988, there's the new Passat (third series) and the Corrado coupe (the replacement for the Scirocco).

1986

In 1990 comes the second series pole. A year later, Volkswagen acquired Skoda and introduces the Golf 3, and with it the Wind (for many countries, the Jetta name change) and the Golf Variant, Golf, the first station wagon. Below: restyled Passat (1994), Polo 3 (1994), 3-door versions, and 5-door Variant, Sharan MPV great (1995), the result of the agreement with Ford; Passat fourth series (1996), also from 1997 Variant, Golf 4th series (1997), available 3-door, 5-door, convertible, Variant, Wolf (1998), the first city car Volkswagen, also available with an economical and technological progress but expensive (1.2 TDI 3L), 4-door Bora Variant (1999 ) replaces the Wind, New Beetle (1999), in memory of the legendary Beetle Convertible is also available since 2003; 3 Polo facelift (1999), same versions pre-facelift, facelift Sharan (2000), 4th series restyled Passat (2000), a jump of class and prestige for the brand, Polo fourth series (2001), the little Volkswagen does a big jump in quality.

Phaeton (2002), a large luxury sedan, which unfortunately is not very sold, introduces the world's most powerful diesel, the 5.0 V10 TDI with 313 hp; Touareg (2002), the first off-road Volkswagen available with the fantastic 5.0 V10 TDI engine, still in 2002, Bernd Pitschetrieder is the new Volkswagen Chairman Ferdinand Piech and substitute (president from 1993 VW, Audi preset); Last came the Touran (2003), first monovolme average Volkswagen. Today, Volkswagen owns Audi, Bentley, Bugatti, Scania, Seat and Skoda.

AUDI Car.

2010-12-11T05:32:00.000-08:00

Story of AUDI Car.

Horch

Everything is in Latin. August Horch automobile factory was founded in 1899 after working Benz in Mannheim. Four years later he moved to Zwickau Horch, in Lower Saxony.

In 1909, Horch from the factory, he removed after an argument Sales Manager, who founded not claimed in the success of the new six-cylinder engine accused. But perhaps in the end. As so often happens in such cases, the question of law, it is only Horch founded the "August Horch and technicians and workers of his first factory. The conflict continues, and the manufacturer is forced to change its name to the car. 'S nephew , of America suggested that investigated "by listening in our language means" listen "to the Horch and Audi have nothing to say."

It's like the Audi, the first models appeared in 1910. Horch cars and start making money, even higher than that of the first plants.

1966

Four tires, a new profile (1966-1990)

Geneva Motor Show in 1966, read a list of the pages: "Brand picked a German car in 1965, and it is based in the tradition of 1939." Audi seems, also makes its debut last fall.

Developed over the years, Daimler-Benz engine 1700 ccm, 4-stroke, 11.2:1 compression ratio is very high, a cylinder 1696 cc / min, 72 hp 5000 rpm, 13 kgm torque 2000-3500 rpm, front-wheel drive, two body and four doors and four-speed gearbox and front disc brakes. This sedan is 4.38 m long, 1.63 wide, 1.46 high pass 2.49. Empty weight 980 kg. Speed is 148 km / h. Audi has labeled with the name of 72 letters PS

1972

Paris Motor Show this year, phase, and 90 Super 80 Audi is the first PS 72, but the new version, called the station wagon variant. Super 90 is a luxurious, with modifications to the bodywork and the engine compression ratio 10,6:1 1770 ccm, PS min 5200 rpm, 15 min kgm at 3000 rpm, speed 163 kmh 90, 000 -100, 12, 5 / 2. Super 90 is also how the body is the first Audi with a few changes and four tires, which are before.

Models increased. Reach 60, 75, 100

Frankfurt 1969, the Audi four-seat coupe with 100 cc engine, 1871 hp 5500 rpm, 185 mph top speed of 115, 000-100 in 10 seconds. Then 60, 75 and Super 90 reserved, but in 1972 80 is the new body. A year later, the eighty-GT Seventy-change in the status of new models in 1974, is a small Audi, 50, but it is a success, in 1976 the production of the bombing ended in August 1977 between the proposed 100

1977

Turning point is dated 1980th Ferdinand Piech, grandparent, son of Ferdinand Porsche, a house founded by his grandfather, which has won almost everything to win and to Audi. The volcano, like his grandfather, Geneva, Audi four to participate in the rally in 1981.

Audi 80 Coupe Quattro Audi is coming, and has great interest in order. Many of the features: Five-cylinder injection engine in 2144 cc min K-Jetronic, Bosch and Turbo-hp 5500 rpm, torque 30 kgm at 3500 rpm, 200 also impressive acceleration 0-100 is 7.1 seconds, wet and dry 7 , 5 But what are the driving wheels (hence the name, and a car), which concentrates all the attention, but many engineers do not hide their doubts on the matter.

1980

The lack of trust, often in the Turin Motor Show, where the TV journalist, Gino Alberti, an interview question, evidence that many questions about all-wheel drive. The demand, without fear, "he said dryly." If ten years ago are still there, calculate the 4th April is the market "

Song from the eighties, a number of successes and victories. The estimates of the same color to debut the Audi quattro Cup Rallye Monte Carlo 1981st Michelle Mouton, withdrew the French from the problems of nutrition, but the team should rally San Remo, Sweden and the United Kingdom, RAC. The following year, Audi won the championship, Mouton producers and the second in the standings. For more information about the success of other countries including the United States. In 1983, Mikkola and Hertz are the first pilots in the world, and is the second Audi. Audi Sport won 01:00 SM. After winning the World Cup and Trademark Office (1984), while in 1985, changes in four (S1), won the Sanremo Rhrl, Mikkola and Hertz, who first appeared in Hong Kong, Beijing Rally.

1986

After the tragic accident in Portugal, Corsica and Safari, 1986, Audi has decided to withdraw from the competition so that people can choose to participate. In addition, Audi has now demonstrated that the project was prophetic in pieces, and what are the chances of AWD. But the Audi is not a final farewell to 90 years, four won the German championship in the V8 cars.

Previously (2000-2005)

Checked out "The impressive display of power and control" in these words from the sports editor, as part of the Audi is 24 Hours of Le Mans in 2000 are summarized. Place the first three places in the network, the Audi R8 to victory of honor air: are pole position, fastest race lap and the three cars almost always before the race start to finish, three Italian pilots Michele Alboreto, Dindo Capello and Emanuele Pirro. With the release of 24 Hours of Le Mans 2001 Audi has once again proved its superiority by winning a victory. In other words, more than one goal, victory!

The model represents the new millennium is the Audi A2: light, compact and practical, the harmony of straight and round, combined with the aluminum frame of the body.

Innovation of cars already in production, there are two futuristic prototypes: Steppenwolf, mobile homes, a better driving experience on offer and off the road through the transmission and chassis is adjustable to four, Rose Meyer (named after the Auto Union team in the thirties driver), a great concept car that can be viewed as the entire Audi supercar century.

In 2001, Audi has to enter the exclusive club of producers produced twelve-cylinder engine. Audi A8 W12, the General Assembly of the engine very compact and efficient, with a capacity of six liters, 420 hp, Audi even surpass its competitors in the situation are the best you can offer to do in the car.

Next year, when the area through a beautiful Audi A4 Cabriolet, which allows you to experience fresh air and a new Audi A8, which is the benchmark for luxury and sporty, enjoy is completed, the Audi R8, a 24-hour Le Mans history, and then director of the Pirro and Biela Kristensen won the rights of third parties. Winner of bringing success to Ingolstadt Trophy, he also grows in the second and third place, so targati Audi.

Continuous research and development is the Audi a leader in the new major projects, as evidenced by demonstration Crossover Concept Pikes Peak Auto Show in Detroit in 2003, as an excellent technique in Geneva and the Nuvolari concept car at Le Mans four IAA .

Chervrolet Car.

2010-12-10T05:42:00.000-08:00

Story of Chervrolet Car.

Billy Durant

Detroit. More than a hundred years, the Chevrolet brand has become famous. Currently in the world every 8 seconds, you can buy Chevrolet. Each year about 3.5 million vehicles are sold in over 130 countries with which the car manufacturers, Chevrolet is the fourth largest.

Founded in 1911 in the United States dall'emigrante Switzerland Louis Chevrolet and GM founder Billy Durant Chevrolet has quickly become the basis for the General Motors car factory in the world and is responsible for today's vehicles are designed and built a team in the world and together with North and South America, Europe, Asia and Australia. Chevrolet has produced and produces cars in a bold and unique design, which entered the history of the car lot.

Chevrolet Fashion Show "is a unique event, which celebrates the eve of the Salon de l'Automobile in Paris in 2010, when Chevrolet and French fashion designer Frank Sorbier 100 years for automotive design and fashion. Four of the selected model Chevrolet stages a fashion show in the history of 100 years to mark.

Tourer 1928 Chevrolet National Model AB

In a time of optimism, Louis Chevrolet was one of the first pilots and engineers for the introduction of innovative elements, known to all new vehicles. Is the 1928 Chevrolet National Model AB tourer, the red-brown and cream colors and reflects the general body shape typical of the period. There were also new features such as dashboard lights indirectly four brakes and thermostat. If you're lucky to have this car, you can precursors of one year, which was a windshield wiper arm and rear interior lighting applications included.

1957 Chevrolet Bel Air

Chevrolet Bel Air is the fifties was the perfect choice for American families, because it was stylish and a decent car. This Chevrolet is to be a bright, modern, well represented by a convertible version of the "fog" in the dark and mint. Tail high, make a small panel in anodized silver and gold logo on the front fenders, Chevron was ideal for families. Today, the Bel Air convertible has become a very sought after by collectors and fans of old cars.

1963 Chevrolet Corvette Sting Ray

To listen to the feelings of the road were the Americans in the year 1963, the Corvette Sting Ray. Red front with a window behind is Corvette Sting Ray line a new style, a blend of management, unique design, all Americans, and fun. In addition to high power (250 hp) and the provision of services in that car buyers can choose options such as AM / FM radio, air conditioning, leather seats. Corvette was the perfect choice for those who enjoy high performance and challenge the conventions of the decade to music with new ideas and expansion. Corvette Sting Ray and you cut the rear window is a rarity, even today remains one of the collected cars.

1976 Chevrolet Camaro

Chevrolet Camaro century was a reaction to the working class in the United States to find a nice car, dressed in a period of financial difficulty. This generation Camaro, as the "Bee" yellow and black, is one of the best products for the automotive market enough so that a single 2007 film Transformers, which in 1976 revised classic will be considered a modern classic. Except that this an amazing first car at a red carpet movie Transformers is stopped.

There is no to say "what. Diamanmte.Una Chevrolet luck story .

BMW Car

2010-12-09T04:33:00.000-08:00

Story of BMW Car

Franz Josef Popp

BMW means Bayerische Motoren Werke AG or in English, Bavarian Motor Works. What do you call it, is a German company, one of the most prestigious automobile manufacturers in the world renowned luxury cars and SUVs that offer a higher driving pleasure boats.

Founded in Monaco of Bavaria, the company began in 1910 and the aircraft manufacturer. The current BMW logo, the intended white sheet set screws in the blue sky reflects its origins, its connection to the end, when the black and gray and white Bavarian reference.

Was until 1928, production began on the first car BMW Dixi. The car was a great success, and its success has helped manufacturers overcome depression. BMW known before the

BMW DIXI

Second World War, 328 convertible, in addition to two people who have accumulated more than 120 victories in athletics in 1936 and 1940. BMW is to win this war tradition by winning a few races and the Hill Climb race.

1950 BMW 501 sedan was in a large, round, I hope that you will always start. E "as fast as the 502, which controls the V8 engine, alloy wheels, first announced the continued commitment of BMW to develop new technologies in the ten years BMW Isetta, sold a small two-seater." Small cars "are generally driven by a 12 -. or 13-hp engine in the mid-'50s also saw the debut of a limited production of 507 cars, a very good sport alloy was V8 and 502 are used to drive . In 1960, BMW sales grew significantly, partly due to the popularity of 1500, the family sports sedan.

In 1970, BMW has positioned itself as the automobile and the vacuum. He saw a lot of new technologies such as power-ups, and advanced electronic systems in vehicles. BMW of North America was founded, and the consumers of sports and luxury car has a loyal "Bimmer" owners become. 70. occurred in three different sports sedan series consists of a compact BMW 3-Series 5-Series trucks, medium and large 7-series and the creation of Key Performance 3 M. Although the

series of four that the company's online 6 engine was driven, BMW has developed a reputation for fact but highly polished performance. At the end of the decade to the production of short-M1 super sports car line began.

The entire decade of 1980, looks like the official BMW yuppie car, apparently because of economic success and the importance of brand passion for driving.

Motto of the famous automobile manufacturer promotional brochure for each of its vehicles' scores, and it is

not just a metaphor. In the last two decades, BMW has become the standard for performance and luxury of the "over $ 30,000 segment. Strong family sedan cut a distinctive sports cars and SUVs that offer large, smooth, a list of BMW model differently. However, their luxury car is a common feature: the ability to associated a driver on the road to be.

BMW 507

Mercedes Benz Car.

2010-12-08T03:51:00.000-08:00

Story of Mercedes Benz Car.

"Lord, I will not buy a Mercedes Benz?" This is the first line of "Mercedes Benz", a song in one of the most famous singer Janis Joplin in 1970 included. Sweet Melody scorned materialism and our desire for good things in life. It is appropriate that the German mark was adopted. Mercedes-Benz has always stood for the production of vehicles that emphasize luxury and refinement known. For many modern cars are status symbols of success and achievement.

In January 1886 Karl Benz introduced the first car in history, three-wheeled vehicle called the Benz Patent Motor Car, developed months later, Gottlieb Daimler and his chief engineer Wilhelm Maybach, a four-wheeled vehicle powered by a Daimler. The first Mercedes was developed in 1901, shortly after Daimler's death. Built in the Maybach was the car of Emil Jellinek, one of the largest distributors of Daimler, Mercedes Jellinek daughter gradually been ordered.

In 1926, the company founded by Daimler and Benz merged Daimler-Benz AG, Mercedes-Benz was born. Company logo on the star in bay leaves wrapped, Stern invented by Daimler years earlier, and her three points meant that the engines used in vehicles traveled land, air and wed

Since the beginning of the name Mercedes-Benz stands for Automotive Excellence. One of the first vehicles of 1931 Mercedes-Benz 170, to distinguish the world's first production vehicle offers the technology that is not uncommon to this day: four-wheel independent suspension. Between 30 and 40 Mercedes, the main brand of luxury car buyer has to look as desirable as cruisers 380 and 540K.

1950 was introduced by Mercedes-Benz 300 SL Auto "Gullwing" sports are in the world's first super sports car

described. With a dramatic style of racing and technology, the 300 SL is now dominated by collectors around the world sought after classic. The decade also saw Daimler-Benz safety technology development. Mercedes-Benz 220 cars were the first vehicles of its patented "crumple zone" body, which is a drop in the accident to take over.

In 1963, the company strengthened its position in luxury cars, Mercedes-Benz 600th Start The elegant living room, luxury is also available in sedan and had a front wheel suspension and the time and the 300 hp V8 engine that boasted a strength. Decade was launched by Mercedes-Benz 300 SEL 6.3. This full-size sedan from zero to 60 in seven seconds, while the state is the fastest luxury sedan in the day.

In 1970 came the story and the S-Class sedan and coupe cars a sign that passengers are spoiled full of powerful engines and a long list of luxury amenities. The decade was also the Mercedes is still at the forefront of safety technology, the first ABS brakes up in their vehicles.

Daimler-Benz to make progress in security in 1980. His car was the first to offer airbags and traction control. The manufacturer has raised the bar on comfort and handling, the introduction of multi-link rear suspension. Technology debuted a compact Mercedes-Benz 190 E, and is still an important part of the chassis engineering company so far.

Mercedes-Benz extra dose of power and performance in 1990 by a producer AMG performance and tuning shop that was eventually bought the company manufactures high-versions of the vehicles. AMG model offered for the first time that the United States C36 AMG Sport in 1995 and since then the Mercedes-AMG version of the listener, offering almost all vehicles.

The company's current composition is the most comprehensive history. Number of sedan, coupe, SUV and Roadster completing the Mercedes showroom, it seems that the only missing pick-up. Undoubtedly, the Janis Joplin song as up to date, has three decades ago, is a good indication that the state is still the leading product .

Lamborghini Car.

2010-12-07T05:03:00.000-08:00

Story of Lamborghini Car.

Italy has always played an important role in the automotive world, thanks to companies such as Ferrari, Maserati, Bugatti and Alfa Romeo and was part of the group, especially a sports car dreams. Note a relatively young manufacturer, Lamborghini was born in 1963 and fought in the Marche, Italian or otherwise, including sporting tradition and productive for decades.

Ferruccio Lamborghini

Ferruccio Lamborghini was born 28 April 1916 at Renazzo di Cento (Ferrara), a modest family of farmers. His passion for engines and machinery led to Bologna, where he began his studies in mechanical engineering.

During the Second World War, the possibility of technical skills as a mechanic, the Italian Air Force (military base, Rhodes) have to test. In 40 years, the growing demand for tractors in the Italian market the experience to repair, press Ferruccio Lamborghini Careers Company for the production of tractors. He proposed to amend the purchase of military vehicles and war machines.

Born in 1948, Pieve di Cento, tractor Lamborghini. (The source is associated with the company logo and date of birth, Ferruccio Lamborghini is the zodiac calendar, because April 28 falls Taurus). Only three years after the war, Lamborghini, the company was able to design and build their own tractors and are 50 and 60, the Lamborghini tractors to one of the leading manufacturers of agricultural machinery in Italy.

Follow the production of oil burner and air conditioning systems by the year 1959, is the founder of the passion and know-how of the new model into production helicopters. Unfortunately for him, and fortunately for fans of cars government granted permission for this activity and riepiego Lamborghini sports car in production.

It is absurd to believe that the ferry would have paid attention to the manufacture of machinery for the luxury sports car. Perhaps they are to win just for the success of his friend Enzo Ferrari. But legend says that the idea came to him after the fight with Enzo Ferrari when they comment on the bag, and it seems that the answer simply to the new Ferrari Enzo Ferrari: "You build tractors, and still would like to think sports cars do.

So in 1963, Automobili Ferruccio Lamborghini SpA was founded and established a factory in Sant'Agata Bolognese, was a year later to win one of the best machines and most influential automotive history.

350 GTV

Let me just mention names such as Miura, 350GTV, Espada, Jalpa, LM004 or Countah (remember only the best known) and the dream of every fan of four wheels. Since then, the production of a Lamborghini is always characterized by innovation, technological expertise, and decided, without commitment, and above all, style, personality, a strong and determined.

1973, when Ferruccio was convinced that his son had no interest in selling cars, they began to think about retirement and sold the company to all of Georges-Henri Rossetti (Switzerland). He retired to a vineyard in Umbria and its purpose is to produce wine. Place on the conference "Florian", and a large house with tennis courts and swimming pools and museums F. Lamborghini cars in red wine called Colli del Trasimeno blood Miura, "but known to all as". "Ferruccio died at his estate, at the age of 77, 20 February 1993.

Fortunately, the people on the reception of a Lamborghini fan, who with devotion and deep interest in and worked for the success of the honor of the renowned brand should try to make bubbles. So back on their feet Lamborghini, year after year to increase significantly and prestige. Today, Lamborghini is a shareholder and Audi to develop and support build machines and an undeniable charm. Diablo GT this year, and in fact the fastest car in the world and is a milestone and a model for other manufacturers. Recently another case of the house, S. Agata and reporting engine Lamborghini significant offshore racing boats in Class 1 proven, world champion 1994, 1996, 1997 and 1998 (May 1, 1912 Boats with Lamborghini) will be.

In this case more than 900 hp, which clearly shows "the ease" with engineers in Sant'Agata manage the tremendous power and superior performance. The year 1999 was an important year for the new Lamborghini to the nearest interior of the old cars that go spare parts guarantees (many of them still in production at this time, while others are reconstructed on the basis of completed projects) and specializzatissima work which are often directly to human-built machine. In short, an absolute guarantee for proud

owners of 7000 Lamborghini, the 8000 was still present. A new production of the devil, you will see a number of technical and stylistic innovations in three SV VT Roadster, now only 150 pieces, called GT supports .

Aston Martin Car.

2010-12-06T04:44:00.000-08:00

Story of Aston Martin.

Robert Bamfort

Carmaker Bramford & Martin, which is named after its founders, was born in London (United Kingdom) in 1913.

Not since 1914 when he won the car at home and Aston Hill, the company took its name from the historic Aston Martin.

Requires a major crisis during the First World War in 1922 again established Kensington. At that time they have produced competing models.

In 1936, Aston Martin, successivamete work of renowned designers, such as the Italian Cesare Augusto Bertelli its output of small vehicles in the traffic control increases.

Since the 50's began to have designs that the history of Aston Martin turned, then milled to the Aston Martin Lagonda Limited, to produce after the merger with another car, and then back (Lagonda).

Lionel Martin

David Brown was the employer to decide the fate of the car prendedone control over those years.

DB4 and DB5 was the most popular models from Aston Martin, which is still in use in the James Bond films.

The output of the David Brown, AM and 1972, when it was sold to other investors, and produced a series of Vantage.

In 1986 control of the company was bought by Ford executives. In those years was a general increase in production to more than 1,500 employees by end of 1998.

DB7 was introduced in 1993, more or less, both as a coupe and convertible, which many copies were sold.

In 2004, a public sports, such as drag racing competition in the famous French 24 Hours of Le Mans.

DB 7

replaced with the launch of the first and the DB9 and Vanquish, the DB7, Aston Martin in 2006, a very high level of turnover (7000) was. That same year, the V8 Vantage coupe and appointed 2007, was found in the V8 Vantage Roadster thing, which is characterized by the presence of the roof of a small torsional rigidity by.

Ford group, but because of the financial restructuring forced to cede some control of the home for many European investors, including English Frederic Dor and David Richards, ready to revive the sporting year.

10% remain the property of the Aston Martin has kept the American giant, so a good supply of the engines. Models Vantage Roadster V8 Vantage and Jaguar are, while the DB9, Vanquish and rapid production of the next four-door coupe is the engine of German Ford plant dominated.

You can also in future versions of DBS, sports version of the DB9, the latest in the James Bond film - appeared (Casino Royale James Bond 007).

Even today, Aston Martin produced cars of the company and its size is not reached a high level .

Maserati Car.

2010-12-03T06:10:00.000-08:00

Story of Maserati Car.

Seven Maserati brothers were born in Voghera Rodolfo, railway engineer, and Caroline Losi Charles, the eldest, 1881, Alfieri, Binda was born in 1883 and 1885, but died a few months later, his name was a second child, born in 1887, where , Mario appeared in 1890, Ettore in 1894 and 1898, Ernesto.

Maserati is responsible for all mechanical design and manufacturing of vehicles, except for Mario, a painter, and found that, although it inspired no confidence, the creator of the house brand, Trident, by a statue of Neptune in Piazza Bologna. Early engines and Carlos, he worked in a factory bike Affori in Milan, the design cycles of an engine, which then produces the Marquis del Parco Anzano Carcano bicycles plants. Carcano Carlo Maserati also serves as a functioning bicycle design in order to win a few races and the creation in 1900, recording 50 km / h.

Fiat 1901

In 1901, Carlos joined Fiat after the closure of the prison, and then in 1903 Isotta Fraschini, where and technical support, and the tester that Isolde, only sixteen years old, his brother Alfieri.

Carlos is a brief but brilliant career, as he died only 29 years after work and go to the whites, he was CEO of Junior Sailing and his brother, Hector, that such systems, the production of low-voltage autotransformer.

Binda and Ettore also work on Isotta Fraschini, technicians and Alfieri here in the first driver, and his brother, Hector, that the representatives of the Crown Corporation in Argentina, the United States and England in 1912 and is responsible for the company in customer service Bologna.

E "of Bologna Via de 'Pepoli than 1 December 1914, created Alfieri Maserati a" Società Anonima Officine Alfieri Maserati, a business that specializes in the development and adaptation of a car road race Isotta Fraschini Company, which also worked Ettore and Ernesto had only five employees. Do not worry about the company, Ernest Alfieri and Ettore call to arms.

Completed before the end of the war begins in Milan, sparks Alfieri patented separately.

After the war the company to a new location on the outskirts moved from Bologna, whose main activity is the production of the Maserati brothers, Isotta Fraschini, but works with another vehicle and began Alfieri his career in racing and now the validity, won the Mont Cenis, Susa and the Mugello Aosta-Gran San Bernardo, Diatto also suggests the design of his car, and even with them in 1924, but after the San Sebastian Grand Prix, Showing his retirement was banned for five years (sorry for the sentence replaced after a few months) the engine two liters of three liters.

Far from the race, Alfieri is required, in close cooperation with working groups Diatto workshop in 1926 gave birth to the first car completely Maserati Tipo 26, the first Maserati Tipo 26 Targa Florio debut win with class, driven by Alfieri Maserati is.

In 1927, 26B, while the third place at the Targa Florio, Alfieri had imposed a heavy accident in the Messina-Cup despite the competition was not the founder of the Italian brand Maserati.

In 1928, Maserati won many successes in competitions with customers without a teacher, which is guaranteed for many years and the technical and financial support for the Maserati.

1929

In 1929, the V4 engine is built 16-cylinder, which debuted in the Grand Prix of Italy and moved to Cremona, Bacon Borzacchini the world's fastest over 10 km of Class C: 246.069000 km / h.

V4 protocol contributes significantly to the image of the house more and is an important flow of capital, which allows you to expand the business and affairs.

In 1930 and again comes V4 Borzacchini first victory in the Grand Prix, Grand Prix Tripoli.

In 1931 we designed 4CTR FWD 8C and 2500, the last car designed by Alfieri Maserati died in 1932 March 3 at the funeral in Bologna, will attend a large number, combination, their commitment to a great man, employee workshops, the most famous drivers and thousands of ordinary people.

Alfieri's death does not discourage the Maserati brothers, Bindi, he left Isotta Fraschini and returned to Bologna to continue, Ernesto and Ettore company began Alfieri.

Maserati Racing remains strong and success achieved eight-cylinder engine and three liters.

In 1933, then, Tazio Nuvolari, which contribute decisively to provide technical assistance, particularly to improve the structure and adapt to the characteristics of this new engine, Nuvolari Grand Prix won by Belgium and Montenero and Nice start, then time breed of Mercedes Benz and Auto Union that make life difficult for Maserati's most prestigious races, the successes, but still not much smaller races, the Maserati defined walking on the part of the company in 1936, he found a reason to invest heavily in the company Gino Rovere produced and makes Nino Farina, his "protected," President and CEO, is that 6cm Maserati is a very competitive car a little.

1946

In 1937, the Maserati brothers, but there are no financial difficulties, the shares and make room for the family in Modena, Maserati bears and moved to Modena to Bologna, which will be a historic Via Ciro Menotti in recent years, Ernesto already planned and 4CL 8cl power car engines at the same time as the 30th Century. The brothers Maserati in Modena remain in office until 1948.

Profit from the company Summit Racing, Mercedes, despite stiff competition. In 1939 he won a great victory for the Indianapolis 500 Shaw, 30 May, and Wilbur is 8CTF, a victory that was repeated the following year.

During the Second World War, the Maserati suitable for the manufacture of machine tools, electrical components, connectors and electric vehicles, after the war began the task of the production of the new GT car, A6 and 1500 winner Alberto Ascari debut A6GCS Modena traffic in the years of racing before the "Alfetta" Ferrari and Talbot. After winning streak began in the 50 to Maserati, Alfa Romeo and Ferrari to raise a hard-fought race.

1953

In 1953, he was set to change as an engineer Gioacchino Colombo A6GCM, and in 1953 season, winning the team a big increase in the back of the drivers like Fangio, Gonzalez, Marimon, Bonetto, de Graffenried, the Grand Prix of Europe "this year, Fangio Ferrari Ascari and Farina won.

Colombo, creates a basis for an engineering design for the project was developed in the Alfieri Maserati 250F. In 1954, the debut of 250F Fangio sees at the beginning of the season and win the car at the Argentine Grand Prix.

In 1955 and 1956, Maserati, to achieve high returns on, Fangio returned to Maserati in 1957, but the 250F for the fifth time world champion.

In the same year at home, but officially retired in competition, but it certainly is not true retreat, as the Maserati will continue to build race cars and other prototypes "Bird Cage" and device of personal equipment and engines in Formula 1 cars of other manufacturers, like Cooper, was built in 1965, 12-cylinder engine, three switches, three valves.

3500 Production GT car in 1958, is an important moment, a new era began for Maserati, which is also to expand production facilities for the production and the market is weak main objectives of the session.

1962

In 1962 he introduced the Quattroporte and 1963 Sebring, the first Maserati sedan with an eight-cylinder 4136 cc V ninety GDP growth set messages Maserati models main news, but in 1968, but to say the Citroen Commendatore Adolfo Orsi Orsi family, but in honor of the President of the Company.

Geneva Motor Show in 1971, the first in series are built in the middle with the Maserati Bora, life-Giugiaro, Maserati, sometimes engines for race cars of all 1971-Citroen SM Maserati engine have won the Rally of Morocco equipped.

It launched a Khamsin Merakin and Maserati, and production recognition continued in 1973, but the "Yom Kippur War broke out, the oil crisis, the more complex cases, but first they are not insurmountable, it is the prototype of the Quattroporte II was introduced, Carrozzeria Bertone and Merakin SS

1973

However, the situation May 23 and announced that Citroen and Maserati in liquidation (the French society, in fact, they had reached agreement on Peugeot and lost interest in the company Modena), pressure and the Ministry of Industry of the Federal Republic and local governments, but the government can not (intervene to prevent government agency funding for companies in crisis, employment) in the closure of the government GEPI Maserati: 8 August 1975, signed an agreement for the majority of the Company and the Benelli Alejandro De Tomaso acquire, Argentina was the driver, although Maserati was a Maserati, De Tomaso appointed succeed, even if difficult, and open the company, which already 1976, the new model, Kyalami, and designed soon after the Turin Motor Show Quattroporte III, by Giugiaro, the year of production to a significant increase.

In the eighties was characterized by the production of a new type of vehicle at an affordable, efficient, twin turbo, which are presented in more than thirty different versions of the coupe and roadster.

Good news for Maserati in 1993, when the Fiat car company to buy shares and then sell the integrated Ferrari Modena 1 July 1997.

Maserati launches a thorough overhaul in order to work on a new pipeline to begin in 1998, is the first Quattroporte and Evolution, Paris Motor Show 3200 GT. In the year 2000 marks the depth

Distribution network and begin to build a factory in Viale Ciro Menotti expansion, the construction of a

MG Car.

2010-12-02T15:57:00.000-08:00

Story of MG Car.

Cecil Krimber

MG is not a fault of the famous U.S. car GM is actually a British sports car brand that began 1924th MG Morris Garages really means a subsidiary of GM Morris, a former British colony of the car. Morris Garages Morris was a car dealer in Oxford, but soon began to sell the modified versions.

On the first cars were made MG Morris chassis bus bodies in Coventry. These models are very good, which move with the company, the larger sale structure of the demand. In 1928 he was old enough to be distinguished from the parent company is now MG Car Company Limited. This year the first MG cars to the original, appeared on 18/80, which is based on a modified version of the Morris chassis.

MG 1935

In 1935, the firm of William Morris Motor, which in turn kept selling

Nuffield Organisation. What does this mean to start a competitive business. In addition, the management of change came in 1952 at the British Motor Company (BMC) has opened for the children of the MG. E 'in this stage of the history of the company is unclear. To closed the costs of the plant GM to cut to lead confusion among workers and unexpected, but also to the customers.

MG 1962

MGB was released in 1962 and was a departure from the old line MGA. was a modern and comfortable than its predecessor, which has made upgrades to 1980. Between 1967 and 1969 Series GMC seat, but his size and poor meant that he was a favorite customer.

MG 1986

When BMC was the Rover Group in 1986 was GM of British Aerospace in 1988 and later owned, in 1994, BMW. It does not take long, because in 2000 Germany again sold the British claim victory Rover. They have been MG Rover Group and its operations are based Longbridge, Birmingham.

At Rover, called the exhibition Austin MG Metro, Maestro and Montego. In addition, a series of new two-seater MG RV8 in 1992, along with a new, female genital mutilation (1995). This was the first car from the '80s, when production was stopped.

MG ZR

2001 - BMW sold MG ZT, the new models like the MG ZR, Rover 25 and MG ZS showed. In 2005, production models and renamed MG Rover stopped and there was a rumor that China's Nanjing Automobile Group, which is precise, were interested in buying the British brands. In July of this year bought the rights to Nanjing MG name and the actions of 53 million pounds.

Department Longbridge TF, a new plant in China goes mg by a model of 7. In addition, the new factory in Ardmore, Oklahoma, won the world production of TFS. Next-generation sports car in 2006 was created to publish, 2008. MG3, 5 mg and 7 mg has also been improved .

Austin Mini Car.

2010-12-01T05:02:00.000-08:00

Story of Austin MINI.

Herbert Austin

The first Mini was produced in 1959. After a break for a few years, the Mini is produced even today, after the brand was acquired by BMW.

The Mini is a car that was produced under various brands. It was originally the British Motor Corporation to begin production. The intent was to create a car that fits 4 people, small and comfortable to be driven in the city.

The Mini in 1959 was just 3.03 meters long in fact.

The marks were Austin and Morris to produce it in his first series. The initial results were not exciting, or because the design was too broken for the time, for various defects which it presented. In 1960 Mini was produced in a stretched version, with the same engine, produced by Austin and Morris. The first Mini Cooper is the 1961.

With an engine developed by John Cooper, a skilled mechanic holding a Formula 1 team, the Mini Cooper had a displacement of 997 cc and a power of 55 horses.

Austin Morris

Associated with a fairly light body, the performance was exciting. Victories in the rally was yet another point in favor of small cars, whose success was beginning to assert itself on a large scale.

The Cooper S 1.3 made great achievements in racing. In 1968 he was presented with the Mini-Matic version, with 38 horses and 1 liter of displacement, with a selection of reports that took place according to the strength with which we pushed the accelerator pedal.

Mini1968

In 1969 the Mini became a brand unto itself. The classic Mini was further refined, while the station wagon version took the name of Mini Clubman. The most powerful version was the Mini Cooper S 1.3, with a capacity of 76 horses.

In the '80s, the Mini Clubman was now out of production and the range was reorganized. The Mini 1.0 and was the basis of the range, followed by the Mini HLE. In the nineties, more changes followed, which involved also the range of the Mini Convertible.

In 1997, by which time enthusiasm for the little Mini

1974

was completely diminished, the BMW brand and the notes continue to be manufactured with reduced numbers. Until 2000, when the Mini 40, we see that the Mini that currently circulate on the streets, takes the place of his older sister.

The new Mini is actually a completely new product. With increased size, but still lower than those of most compact sedans, the new Mini comes with a modern and retro at the same time. Both externally and internally.

And the success has been overwhelming, to the point that BMW, thanks to sales of the Mini has become one of the most prosperous in the world automobile companies.

In 2007 came another star, retro taste: The Mini Clubman. And the story it looks like the Mini is not yet complete.

Ferrari Car.

2010-11-30T12:20:00.000-08:00

Story of FERRARI Car.

Enzo Ferrari

The horse was painted Francesco Baracca fighter, a heroic pilot fell Montello, since the First World War. E ', is one of the best known brands in the world as a symbol of speed, style and technology has become.

"History of the prancing horses, and" simple and charming. The horse was painted Francesco Baracca fighter, a heroic pilot fell Montello, since the First World War. "

"When I was in '23, the first round of Savio, who was executed in Ravenna won, I met Count Enrico Baracca, the father of the hero, and this meeting was born the following year, and his mother, Countess Paolina. I said, a day in a Ferrari, put it in the car of my son's prancing horse. " LL make "happiness. And yet I am the picture of dedication Baracca, parents who rely on trade. The horse was black and I have a canary yellow background and" color of Modena. "

1929

Ferrari Enzo

Scuderia Ferrari Emblem in 1929, appeared in all publications, posters and official documents of the company, but not cars that were reported and the Alfa Romeo sports icon, a green four-leaf clover with a white triangle.

Start IDs car was on 9 and July 10, 1932 24 Hours of Spa could be the "good news. The competition was won by a coach and D'Ippolito Taruffi After Brivio and Siena After this victory, the league has no formal involvement of the Scuderia Ferrari in the thirties when the time to care "Corse Alfa special unit, which is created by Enzo Ferrari, but the actions of the House of Milan.

1947

The first signs of a hood Franco Cortese, Ferrari 125 Maranello house appeared in the debut race Piacenza 11th May 1947 period. Designed and built by Ferrari, Castelli e Gerosa Cristiglio Milan and Bologna, and remained unchanged until 1950.

Separated from the car, a large number of customers who have in the competition, the Enzo Ferrari took part in 1952, they decided on an old typical sports Scuderia Ferrari, updates and improvements to the questionnaire was returned. The first took place on 16 March cars in the Grand Prix at Syracuse, 500 F2 Taruffi Ascari, Farina and Villoresi. This time it was a great success Ascari, Farina and Taruffi occupy the top three in chronological order. In the same year won the 500 F2 Ascari, the first Drivers' World Championship 1925 World Championship with Ferrari.

1959

This symbol has been applied strictly, not temporary exceptions to its classical form has changed all the Ferraris of all categories of race rivals Ferrari. " Horses appeared as Frisian grille in 1959. The body produces Cerrato Turin, Pininfarina and Scaglietti dall'incisore Incerti cars fell by 3 mm brass plates and the striatum of chromium. and not "changed to 1962 and is a special version of the cutting and drilling is instead used to drive a very exclusive exhibitions.

1962

Between 1962 and 1963 are in relief of a horse shown, he did not like and was ready for the year, and tried to style and success. Lead (riding in a flat, corrugated aluminum and polished), which was introduced in 1964, in a model of BB, then taken in 1984 again and installed templates, Mondial, 328 GTB and GTS, and a similar result black anodized Testa Rossa and early 348 models fitted.

A new version supports the horse was returned in 1963 and again a warm welcome. Deemed necessary because the

1989

network, the cars were known to use a flat version. It was decided to do the trick, if ever, use the back of the car, the world 1988-1989. Riding trim, and so "has created more attention and visibility." Essentially unchanged for over 30 years and had most of the models change only the color and size. Founded in 1982, and to the front of the car that replaces the sculpture government. Since 1992, a special coding, front and rear, a number of Ferrari.

1953

From 1953 to 1961, was installed in a vehicle designed by Pininfarina,the brand that the initials of the Ferrari and Farina names of the letters is from the bank. Red diamond on a white background symbolizes the letter F,the designer who has been replaced (white blue rectangle) P,when was the last meal of the "Pininfarina. Logo was rejected in 1964,with the exception of the last two models.Today,built before the tunnel 456GT.

Current Ferrari, Baracca black horse golden version differ industrial production and technology, sports and relationships that support each of the stylized graphics house, all plans and drawings Ferraridea objects, badges and stickers on signs, official documents recognized photos of the Ferrari Club .

Porcshe Car.

2010-11-29T07:58:00.000-08:00

Story of Porsche Car.

Ferdinand Porsche

This month will focus on the brand that has made automotive history, and the essential. We are happy to talk about a car equipped with horses. No, not Ferrari, we look forward to Ferdinand Porsche (Ferry) in conversation.

First Porsche is not a machine, but only the technical studies of projects on request. The most famous example is the VW Beetle, so you an feel the similarity of the Mercedes-Benz and the beetles.

Porsche 1948

The first car he had desired their Ferry Porsche, in fact, some workers began Project 356 in the Second World War. And in July 1947 created the first draft, so that next year he came back to life 356 Roadster, chassis number 356,001th The engine is air cooled engine Volkswagen 1.1-liter 4-cylinder that is connected to the Beetle. In fact the 4000 rpm. / Min produces drive power 35 hp. Fernando engineer saw that his new creation, he said: "It's not even change your life. In fact, this is the first model was a great success, of course, an elite clientele, and 78 000 vehicles produced. What happened to the unexpectedly high, Ferry led to new improvements to the engine 356

Porsche 911-1963

Increased in the transition to 1.6 liters and the power came on 90 is the latest model of 2 liters and 130 horses of the Carrera. While the huge success of 356 Ferry said: "This is the time to 356, despite the improvements that are key factors for the Volkswagen." Then Ferry's son, Ferdinand Alexander, is a huge task, the successor to 356 design guidelines from the previous model, in 1963 at the IAA a new model introduced for the 911th engine was completely renovated and has a 6-cylinder, water cooled, and forever. Offset is 2 liters and 130 hp. But the actual production started in 1964 in the next year, the economic model, 912, this model does not return to the 4-cylinder and the volume of 1.6 cm3. 912 lasted only two years, as Porsche engineers have opted for a cheaper version of the 911 that has the symbol T.

Porsche911-1972

The difference was the creation of a 911 engine less valued and less effective. In 1968, the first reaction in this model is important: the path is extended by 57 mm, the engine room will flow injection and CV ES version and 170 140 in 1971, the engine was of a dozen horses improved in all engines, but 911 in 1972-years shows a new face, aggressive, in fact, created the Carrera RS 2.7 210 hp and 300 hp, Carrera RSR 2.8. But when the engine is increased to 230 hp and 330 hp and goes to three liters. Growing these engines and increase the wing vents.

Porsche SC911-1983

Porsche, but countries are not satisfied with the skills, so that by the year 1974, the first turbo, 930, 3.0-liter engine to 260 hp. It is then proposed based on this version can monitor up to 850 hp. The first changes were in 1983, when the Stuttgart-based company has decided to go back in time to return to the SC 911 convertible, the car was not so successful that the German engineers decided observed improvements, while maintaining the same basis. More than 90 years, as opposed to the first generation of 911 signed 964 th

Porsche911-1993

Dedication starts looking all-wheel drive Carrera 4, a year can be equipped with a four-speed Tiptronic automatic after the filing of a rear-wheel drive Carrera 2 and the application. Four years later he put a 320 hp turbo. In 1993, Porsche will be a further milestone on the way to a new 911 and 993 original design improves the aerodynamics of the body and the rear axle to improve stability. These improvements will lead to further increase performance, leading the game version of the turbocharged 408 hp.

Porsche 996 GT2

In 1997 911 can be changed, and it was 996 (project acronym), the frame is enlarged and grow the horses on, but the real news is the engine cooling is only the "water. In the following years, although there is no longer a novelty of horses increased.

This is a brief history of the car was a genius, Ferdinand Porsche, one could say what he did and still born determine the history of the world.

Ford Mustang Car.

2010-11-28T12:44:00.000-08:00

Ford Mustang Gt Factory

The First Generation Model - Ford Mustang.

1965

World Expo 1964 in New York was the setting for the opening of a new type of car. Armed with the belief that a small car, the seller has a strong, Ford decided the next hit. Knowing that sell real success, the design was based on two seats in the Ford Falcon is introduced rejected. It was a 1965 Mustang, there are many options for customers, edit your new car. Starting at $ 2,320, the Mustang more than 22000 417 000 on the first day of sales in the first year, exceeding € 1,000,000,000 March 1966. Cars now attention of consumers is just a "Muscle Car" is still there and the Ford Mustang is the only original pony car to remain in production without interruption.

1964-1965 Mustang The first model, 65 or 64 years, in coupe or convertible, 170 cubic

1965

inch six-cylinder engine accelerates base is a three-floor speed. Alternatively, the 260 cubic inch V-8 engine and manual transmission or four-speed automatic three-speed Cruise-O-Matic available. 1965 was also the beginning of the path Shelby GT350, a high-quality Mustang Fastback 2x2, 289cid V8 engine with the modified code C-306 hp. Replacement of the engine, and was often referred to as the end of 1965 models, the number of 170 cubic inch version with a 200 cubic centimeter and a higher power. 260 cubic inches was replaced by a 289 cubic inch 200 hp optional four-barrel, produces a fixed charge with 225 hp, or a "Hi-Po", which produces 271 HP.

1965

The determination of the beginning of 1965 one of the first Mustang in 1965 or 1964 fans, was between March 9 and 31 July 1964 built. Identification methods are already equipped to start with a generator and a light for the load of the generator (65 models, and then with light "Old"), V6 170 CI (U) code, 260 V8 (F-code) or V8 289 (D-code) engines speakers are installed in a large trunk switch, pump the brake light pressure in the radiator grille, two-speed "from" in front of the city and is ready, bend, that not all of the final moves since 1965 rolled edge design. Another difference is that the front passenger seat at the start of 1965 model in a certain position.

mild or moderate changes in 1966-1968 was the 1966 Mustang Grill and spare wheel, where a number of new and revised next ball chrome and three divisions in the wind. 1966 was also the year that the Mustang had sold a million.

Shelby GT500.

Mustang changes in 1967 were important in March, an aggressive and muscular look and feel. Have to change the whole roof coupe and the nose, three tail lights, wider than the frame and the upper part of the network. Shelby GT500 version of the 428 cubic inch V-8 355 hp is also in 1967. 1967 also was the last year to prevent the Ford Mustang has appeared on the front end of the first generation (the letter was added to 1974). 1968 years was a 302-cc V-8 engine to replace the old "Hi-Po" was on the engine 427 cubic inches, 428 Cobra Jet called racing enthusiasts to life. Front and rear shoulder and tags have been added to the model of the 1968 federal law, and it was the first year in which it is mounted under the windshield in place.

1969

1969 changes in the body in 1969, this body is a muscle car more aggressive. Fastback Title SportsRoof rejected and accepted. The new engine was 302 cc, of which more than 220 horses have been published, 351 cubic inch Windsor power generation with a double-life-carb or 250 hp four-cylinder-290 Mustang GT500 Special Edition available in 1969 was the Boss 302, 429 , Shelby GT350 and the Mach 1, all high performance engines.

1970-1973 1970 Mustang changes were minor, but without frames tablespoons Shaker hood. Model 1971 was one foot in front of the Mustang and heavier than 600 kg. Mustang Mach 1 was the only unique cut and stay in the lineup. 1972 sees no changes in your body, model, and Sprint, ready to paint red, white and blue, and publish the style of the film. In 1973, fuel shortages and new rules for the end of the muscle car era question, designers left the Falcon chassis convertibility.

This is considered the first generation of the Mustang.

Car.

2010-11-15T00:04:00.000-08:00

History of Car.

The birth of the car from the early twentieth century. There were many experiments that led to a new concept of motion that was no longer linked to the human or animal traction, and then to an object that can really break away from a possible means adapted to automotive use. It certainly can not say that evolution has been fast and immediate, but was marked by slow steps that led to a steady growth until the present day.

In the seventeenth century, the Dutch physicist Christian Huygens performed some experiments on a combustion engine. In particular, use of gunpowder and introduced him to power in 1673 the French Academy of Sciences ottenedo but little success.

In 1785 the Scotsman James Watt built the first steam engine comprising a chamber of steam condensation separate, allowing to reduce the loss of steam that occurred in the alternation of heating and cooling of the cylinder. Some years earlier, in 1769 Joseph Nicolas Cugnot, Ingenga French military, designed and built a self-propelled vehicle powered by a twin cylinder steam engine of 50,000 cc, which enlivened a wagon well 4 / 5 tons, half that was named "Car of Cugnot"

In 1856, the Italians Eugenio Barsanti and Felice Matteucci Father built a two-cylinder engine that can be considered the first example to the world of internal combustion engine. He was put into operation at the Maria Antonia Railway workshops in Florence, sent a sufficiently smooth movement to a pair of scissors and a drill. This is the first application of an internal combustion engine to drive machine tools. The peculiarity of this engine is due to the fact that it was powered by hydrogen.

In 1860, the Belgian inventor Jean-Joseph Etienne Lenoir patented and built the first internal combustion engine of history: a two-stroke heat engine operating on gas, which, theoretically, runs through a thermodynamic cycle that eventually took the name Lenoir cycle. Four hundred copies were produced with a power between 0.5 and 8 horses.

Paris Universal Exhibition of 1867, August Otto and Eugen Langen got the gold medal for the construction of an engine very similar to that of the Tuscans Barsanti and Matteucci, their engine had an efficiency of 12% and had a great spread .

In 1872 he founded the Gasmotoren Fabrik Deutz: Otto, Langen, Daimler and Wilhelm Maybach Gottieh mass produce the Otto cycle engine. It is an internal combustion engine with external ignition, can transform the energy contained in the fuel (air / fuel) into kinetic energy.

Subsequent developments were all centered around this new engine, Maybach (along with Daimler had opened his own workshop) decreased the power to weight ratio, increased the number of laps, took power from liquid fuel.

In 1879, Carl Benz built his first vehicle powered by an Otto cycle engine.

Daimler Maybach and concentrate their efforts around the engine and its different uses. Benz is increasingly willing to apply a motor vehicle on a robust and stable for the transport of persons.

In 1890, the French and Panahard Levassor built a mid-engine vehicle and the seats are ready 'dos-a-dos "as in" dog-cart "for hunting (in this type of cars the central space is occupied by the cassette where to house the dogs). This vehicle had several important features: The engine was mounted longitudinally with the axis, no gear - just two trees - had three forward gears and reverse, the spread was, was the final drive chain. Was antiquated steering, similar to that of the carriages, with lever and gear ratio.

Since 1936, the Mercedes Benz started production of the W29 540 K (406 copies in a coupé and a spider), the first motor vehicle with a purely motor vehicle chassis.

Six auto companies now produce about two-thirds of new vehicles on the world market. In 2005 were 65.319 million of products from motor vehicles. Of these, 40.531 million were produced by General Motors, Toyota, Ford, Renault-Nissan Motor, Volkswagen, DaimlerChrysler and a total of about 40 companies around the world.

Recent processes of concentration and formation of a cartel in the automotive industry have led to the relative majority of Renault Nissan, for a proposed merger between General Motors and Renault, the clearance capacity of Delphi, a supplier of components for GM.

Motorcycle.

2010-11-12T11:42:00.000-08:00

HISTORY OF THE MOTORCYCLE.

The invention of the motorcycle before that, even when the benefits the internal combustion engine of his first cars built by Carl Benz and Gottlieb Daimler, were later exploited by the designers of motorcycles. Working backwards we can say that the story begins with two French:Pierre and Ernest Michaux, which, built in Paris in 1869, the first

Steam motorcycle called "Shake bones." Even in some Chapuis1870 he built one, but his technique building had no follow-up; Gottlieb Daimler, which can be considered the father of the motorcycle, even if the events are intertwined and confused between the invention of the automobile and those of motorcycle, built in 1885 and made it work on a road bicycle wood with petrol engine and in 1886 the German Hildebrand built a bicycle, even if it was powered by a steam engine, had a structure that in some respects resembled that of a motorcycle.

January 29, 1886, Benz had already patented a "motor tricycle" in burst, then presented to the public on July 3 of that year. Competitor was an assistant to Otto Benz, Daimler who along with his Maybach aide in 1883-85 changed the internal combustion engine with petrol developed by Nicolaus Otto November 10, 1876. Benz, perfecting further, put the engine of Daimler and Maybach vehicles in three wheels and patented it as a "vehicle with a combustion engine" July 3, 1886.

The patents of these engines were rather weak, could not be certain prevent copying of the system (which was the fruit of many minds), nor prevent to put a motor vehicle of any kind. Soon the supply of technical innovations can improve the first mot: Dunlop tires, JB (1840 - 1921), invented in 1888, helped absorb some of the shock and strokes caused by road surface. Had transmission problems, which was generally accomplished by a leather strap, which, tended to break or slip with moisture.

The engine starts up cycling or "start push "(where the motorcyclist drove the vehicle, running on the side and jumping on the saddle when the engine started). Dated back to 1880 the motor tricycle. Some could be considered almost motorized wheelchairs.

After the invention of the motor, the first to apply it on a three-wheeled vehicle Frederick was the French Millet, who brevettaò December 22 of 1888 "Bicyclette à petrol Soleil.

In England, the laws on road of 1861 and 1865 had established that all motor vehicles were be preceded by a man with a red flag. In 1896 the repeal of those Act removes the restrictions that had long paralyzed British engineers and patented that same year Capel Holden A motorcycle rear-engined 4-cylinder, equipped with a spark gap switch, activated by a coil and a battery. The connecting rods outside the rear wheels driven directly by means of references to crank. The carburettor injector Butler in 1889, perfected by Wilhelm Maybach (1847 - 1929) in 1893, was the forerunner of those still in use today.

A design something very special in 1898 was that by Bouton De Dion Bouton, "makes a

motorcycle with the engine and rear differential, which can attain speeds of 40 km / h.

From this idea to give the final impetus and create something different were the two Russian brothers: the Werner.

Emigrated to Paris and learned the art of motor bike, built a two-wheeled vehicle, using the idea of Bouton, but abolished after a wheel and the seat, the idea of a draisine bicycle with the seat above the rear wheel fork.

Their idea worked, although, at first, after many tumbles (as for cycling), we came to have the balance of the body imperceptible movements. It built some pieces and put them in Trade January 17, 1898. Werner was Michael who coined the allusive word abandoned the term "motorized bicycle", and judged it Moto-Cycle accurate to call, or better yet the Motorcycle women because by now it was becoming "the lover" most desired by men of every class.

At the beginning of the new vehicle had 900 large-scale. Multiplied by the French models Rivierre, Fournier, De Dion, Rambaud, Gareau, Gillardot; the German Hildebrand, Wolfmüller; not lacking the Italians Figini, Lazzati, Castellazzi, Rosselli, Edward Bianchi, and finally the British with Goyan Stevens and two brothers, who founded the famous AJS, starting mass production, but also the challenge with the motion of the continent.

In Italy in 1909 came the Benelli, followed by the Guzzi in 1921, the Morini, from Ducati, the Laverda by Garelli, the Motobi from Mondial and a 'company that stood out and dominated the world scene in Second World War for many years, both for construction and for the resounding success of its sports "MV" Agusta ..

In the U.S. interest in the motorcycle grew to the point that in 1905 entered the market and the Indian & Harley Davidson both companies introduced the use of monopolies in the handlebar the throttle and the ignition advance and delay. The Indian horses from 1.75 in 1905 had a single cylinder engine carved from a block of melting.

The Harley Davidson & produced her first two-cylinder engine in V in 1909 and since then has used the same pattern in many of its engines. The construction of these bikes American was licensed H & D, also in Italy, the Italian company Aermacchi hand.

In 1914, the speed record for motorcycles went up to 150.5 km / h. In the same year the British army began using motorcycles for its runner, used in the sidecar version that could be equipped with machine gun.

In 1920, almost all high performance motorcycles used as a transmission chain or a tree.

Appeared engines with overhead valves and some, like the 1000 cc Harley & Davidson and Indian,had four valves per cylinder.

In Germany, BMW produced its first Motorcycles with two horizontally opposed cylinders. Around 1930, Viliers and other industries began to produce a series of two-stroke single-cylinder engines: the two times, compared to four times, has fewer moving parts and its maintenance is easier.

Between 1920 and 1930, the motorcycle suffered a change of character social, ceasing to be a car and getting half of utilitarian transport and relatively cheap. A passenger could be transported in the back seat and sidecars had a capacity of up to four seats.

In 1937, a Brough Superior with a JAP engine of 1000 cc brought world speed record at 275 km / h. And, once again, the motorcycle industry was preparing for war in 1938 the German army made use of a BMW R 75 model with sidecars, while both the Allies and their enemies built Folding bikes for paratroopers.

The postwar period was marked the entry into production of more engines small, high rpm, which started in Europe (and particularly in Italy on the initiative of the Piaggio Vespa and Innocenti with "Lambretta) production in large series of scooters.

While affirming the big brands (especially the British Triumph, BSA, Norton and AMC), other houses Small was forced to close. In Italy Guzzi, Benelli and Gilera continued in the wake of the old tradition, which is supported new brands.

A little 'Bikes born anywhere for specific uses, such as motocross, racing, and racing road.

In the early '60s, the Japanese factory Honda appeared in Western markets with its small 50 cc

four times, followed by Suzuki and Yamaha, with two-stroke engines. These brands now dominate the scene with models ranging from small 50 cc to 750 cc four-cylinder that reached to 210km / h.

Piano.

2010-11-11T14:44:00.000-08:00

Giraffe Piano.

HISTORY OF THE PIANO

History of the piano -the piano falls into the category of stringed instruments beating, but had predecessors in the category of stringed instruments pizzicate.Gli tools predecessors of the piano are essentially three: the monochord, the psalms and timpanon.

The Psalter has given rise to the stringed instruments with keyboard, stringed instruments timpanon beats, the application monochord keyboard to stringed instruments. The Psalter was ten or more strings stretched over a trapezoidal sounding board, and played by plucking the strings with the fingers armed with small thimbles uncinati.Differiva ARPA for the shape of the soundboard as well as its horizontal position. He was known by the Babylonians as the sabekka, by the Greeks as the sambike.In Europe was in vogue at the time of the Crusades, especially in Germany, but reliable historical sources say that in Italy was known many centuries before. The Timpanon differed from the Psalter for his way to play the strings, which were put in two sticks of wood vibration curved towards the tip.

He Semitic origin. Was called by the ancient saints, psanterion, was named after psalterion.In Timpanon, dulce melos and dulcimer (the British). Today it is called by the Italians "German Psalter" and German "Hackbrett. The monochord was used at the time of Pythagoras (580-504 BC) to study the physical effects of vibrating strings and consisted of a rectangular box which was fixed on a gut string and a jumper under the rope the rope divided into two parts suono.La determining the height of the rope was then put into vibration with a plettro.Il monochord was used by Guido d'Arezzo, in the Middle Ages, to give the correct intonation for singers

The origin of the keyboard can be found in major organs of the tenth and eleventh centuries, bodies, tires like the church Magdeburgo.Le keyboards of these organs were very rudimentary: they had more than 16 keys for each key was off 15 centimetri.Da here the need to play with the fists of mani.Queste keyboards were mostly rudimentary and only diatonic semitones were introduced in 1300, however, were separated from the chromatic and diatonic keys on a keyboard separata.Solo introduced in 1400, we have the introduction of the keys in the chromatic 'Setting the same keyboard. The application of the keyboard to stringed instruments in a rational manner and use of keys for the actual production of sound, however, was more tardi.Nel 1300 in England used the "chess" with the strings put into vibration from the keys that are related to metal strips called "kickbacks." In Italy, this instrument is called a clavichord. The origin of the keyboard, the clavichord was partly derived from manicordio and partly by the body. The most 'ancient specimens are kept in the Metropolitan Museum in New York and by Domenico da Pesaro Trasontino. The spinet is the first stringed instrument plucked by beak shape varies penna.Aveva: triangular, square, pentagonal and rested on a tavolo.In England called Virginal. Both the spinet and the virginal had only one string for each key and the lowering of the key corresponds to raising a ratchet on the beak of which was fixed a quill plucking the string.

The spinet expanded spinettone was called, and Italy is generically called an octave lower Cembalo.Con the adoption became Gravicembalo Harpsichord. In addition to accompany the first production single-dose (in the seventeenth century) became a solo instrument until the end of 700 when it was gradually replaced by the piano. Major suppliers were Hans Ruckers of Antwerp, Flemish manufacturer of cymbals in double keyboard, Italy Portalupi, Rigoli, France Blanchet, Taskin, England Tshudi, Kirchmann, Germany Hildebrandt.

The difference in sound between the harpsichord and clavichord did prefer the first instrument in terms of sound power. The clavichord was possible execution much more expressive: a special effect was the "bebung" = vibrato, which was obtained by vibrating the key premuto.Il clavichord was the most widespread in Germany.

Italians and French were rather above the spinet and harpsichord. The modern system of tuning keyboard instruments for the musicians and theorists we have two Germans and Werckmeister Neidhart which reduced to 12 semitones in the eighth with it the sharp bemolle.Il system called equal temperament, was immediately adopted by JS Bach in 1722 that he dedicated the "Well Tempered Clavier: 48 preludes and fugues built on all major and minor tones.

Bartolomeo Cristofori, born in Padua on May 4, 1655 was in the service of Ferdinando de 'Medici in Florence as a "conservative of musical instruments." To him belongs the credit for having invented the diary of Francis pianoforte.Nel Mammucci, referring to February 1711, states that Cristofori had begun working at the new gravicembalo with soft and loud "in 1698. Similarly, the detailed description of a "arpicembalo" in an inventory of the tools of Physicians reported in 1700 does nothing but prove the final construction of the instrument. The invention was revealed to the world from a script of the Marquis Scipione Maffei of Verona, published in 1711 in the scientific journal "The Journal of the literati of Italy" which came out in Venice.

In written Maffei gave a detailed description accompanied by several tables esplicative.I main elements of the invention were: the application of the hammers in place of the jacks, exhaust, damping, ie the three essential parts of modern mechanism pianistico.L 'application allows the hammers to graduate the intensity 'of the sound in relation to the force so that the sweetness of your exhaust system allows you to reply promptly tatto.Lo notes in rapid successione.Lo damping differs from the string when the key is lowered, leaving the open string to vibrate until the button is pressed. In 1725 the Musikalische Kritik of Hamburg published Maffei's article published by Konig.

From this he probably inspired Gottfried Silbermann, organ builder and clavichord, which operates in Freiberg, who built in 1726 with two pianos, fine mechanics, so that gave birth to mass production. His pianos were purchased in large numbers by Frederick Grande.Nel the full respect of the traditional northern European Silbermann manual adds mechanisms that allow you to lift the dampers and slide the keyboard on one side, so that the hammers can hit only one of the two strings for each existing nota.Siamo therefore two systems characteristic of modern piano: the effects later linked to the pedals. Silbermann was a pupil of Johann Andreas Stein, a manufacturer of keyboard instruments of Augusta to him we owe the development of the "Viennese mechanics", in which the hammer is centered directly without adding the key levers intermedie.Soltanto then there was the application Lever escapement.

The extension of these instruments was about five octaves. Followers of the Viennese school of the eighteenth century were so constructive Stein (and sons), Walther, and Hofmann Scheidmayer. Silbermann was another pupil of Johannes Zumpe, who in 1760 moved to London and founded an industry of pianos. Zumpe piano maker at the table (1766) using a mechanism similar to that of Cristofori but reduced to a minimum.

This mechanism, no exhaust and backcheck was described as "simple mechanical English." The mechanics of the English grand piano by Americus Backers was developed instead (with the help of Broadwood) between 1772 and 1776. John Broadwood gave a decisive contribution to the evolution of English mechanics, weighting the touch of a keyboard of his piano pedals coda.Nel 1783 patented "flat" and "strong", developed by Erard. Sebastian Erard, founder in 1776 of the famous house in Paris, in 1821 invented the double escapement, which allows a rapid ribattuto.Negli years s'irrobustisce the piano in the frame structure, strings and keyboard. In 1808 Broadwood adopt for the first time metal reinforcements on the frame, followed by Babcock in 1825 who patented the first metal plank.

In 1831 the Englishman Allen created the first all-metal chassis and Bord in 1843 invented the "metal nut," later adopted by Steinway and renamed Capo d'Astro. " A key role in building the modern piano is for the house in New York and Hamburg Steinway that during 1800 modified and patented pianos are extremely strong and beautiful sonorità.Nel course of 1900 the construction of industrial-sized piano purchase, it expands towards the 'East, more and more interested in one dimension and to Western culture, produced in Japan (Kawai, Yamaha) and Korea (Young Chang) pianos of exceptional quality, combining the historic homes Steinway, Bechstein, Bluthner, Bosendorfer (Vienna).

Jean.

2010-11-07T15:20:00.000-08:00

The History of Jeans

The 'origin of blue jeans can be reconstructed by the name of the clothing most popular and best in the world.

Blue color indicates, Jeans the city of origin: both these factors are known in the city of Genoa and its port in the initial onset. The history of jeans is retraced through the production of fabrics that meet the needs of large masses of people, called "moleskin"?.

Those in the Middle Ages DESIGNATED cotton fabrics mixed with wool or linen, which, over the years, are encoded in a mesh structure of cotton and linen warp. The farm operators were recruited peasants in the countryside but not members of corporations dedicated to weaving in the periods of rest from work in the fields.

The fabric is similar to the denim (de Nimes), has the same twill weave or Levantine (diagonal lines, straight than the reverse) but is lighter.

He was born in Genoa. It is a kind of fustian very strong and light, just a Genes (Genova in French) or Jean jean said. is already on the European market since the late Middle Ages, and its transformation into a pant job is to be dated to 800, when used for the stevedores of the port.

However, it is only since the 1850s the term jeans is used to identify the fabric but not a certain type of pants. In fact, San Francisco, Levi Strauss, along with his partner David Jacob Youphes, launches a model of trousers, strong, with five pockets, for the gold diggers. After nearly a century, from the 40s of 900, the jeans become the first in the United States and then in Europe a leader in fashion.

In the late '60s, during the explosion of movement hippies, are the

common denominator of the rebellion, not the dress.

Over the decades the jeans changes in the models and processes, following the dictates more passengers of the imagination of designers rather than political ideologies. In addition to the historic Levi's, two other manufacturers of jeans are the identification of a brand and an item of clothing: Lee and Wrangler.

The nineties, however, temporarily interrupt the spiraling escalation of jeans, why not highlight them more as objects of worship, but rather they perceive a need for novelty and originality. Many factories had to close and even Levi's at risk of bankruptcy.

It 's only in 2000 that the jeans are embellished and become part of the fundamental pathways of the hottest designers. The jeans collection is subject to and belonging to a "tribe" town skaters to surfers who want them loose and comfortable, from sports to those trends, which they want to close and maybe stretch. The jeans are part of our lives and our way of working and to show to others, have become part of the upholstery and furnishing of our house made the jeans are garments and costumes, shoes, accessories, etc..